higher education system, as an investment in human resources, plays a key role in training people. it also plays a determinant role in different political, social, economic and cultural aspects of the society. therefore, ensuring the quality of performance in higher education to prevent the waste of human and financial resources along with possessing the ability to compete in the future, wherei...

Cochran introduced Alexander polynomials over non–commutative Laurent polynomial rings. Their degrees were studied by Cochran, Harvey and Turaev as they give lower bounds on the Thurston norm. We first extend Cochran’s definition to twisted Alexander polynomials. We then show how Reidemeister torsion relates to these invariants and we give lower bounds on the Thurston norm in terms of the Reide...

One factor that has highlighted the role of agriculture in the economy is to make the marketing system of agricultural products more efficient. The main purpose of this study was to identify the requirements of marketing the organic pomegranate of Paveh, Kermanshah Province, Iran, from the perspective of farmers. In order to identify contributing factors, an exploratory factor analysis was used...

which restricts to the given links at the ends. A link is called (topologically) slice if it is concordant to the trivial m–component link or, equivalently, if it bounds a flat embedding of m disjoint slice disks D2 ∐ · · · ∐D2 ֒→ D4. In the special case m = 1 we refer to the link as a knot. If the embeddings above are required to be C, or smooth, then these notions are called smoothly concordan...

purpose: in this study, the relationship between sustainable agriculture and the quality of life in rural areas is miandeh dehestan in fasa county is examined. methodology: this study is descriptive-analytic and a survey research method was employed. data was collected through field studies. the research population of this study was the head of the rural families of mianded in fasa. using the c...

To students of causality, the writings of William Cochran provide an excellent and intriguing vantage point for studying how statistics, lacking the necessary mathematical tools, managed nevertheless to cope with increasing demands for policy evaluation from observational studies. Cochran met this challenge in the years 1955-1980, when statistics was preparing for a profound, albeit tortuous tr...