Estimates of the employment structure, agricultural output, and agricultural labour productivity are developed for the leading European countries from 1300 to 1800. The employment estimates are developed from estimates of the total, urban, and rural populations. The output estimates are derived by positing a demand curve for agricultural goods.

9 7 8 9 2 2 1 2 6 8 1 2 3 IL O -U N C TA D S H A R E D H A R VE S TS : A gr ic ul tu re , Tr ad e, a nd E m pl oy m en t Agriculture employs more than a billion people in developing countries, representing 48 per cent of the developing-country labour force. This book analyses how agricultural trade affects labour markets in developing countries and in particular what it implies for the creation...

This article examines one of the most infamous forms of rural labour in nineteenth-century No rfolk: the agricultural gang. Using Parliamentary Papers as its source, the paper argues that some previous interpretations of this form of organized labour have both exaggerated the scale of ganging in the county, and misrepresented the composition of agricultural gangs. It will be shown that, far fro...

365 Dawson, P.J., 1988. Labour on the family farm: a theory under uncertainty. Agric. Econ., 1:365-380. This paper develops a theory of the family farm in conditions of uncertainty where attention is focussed on the labour-input decisions. Specifically, the farm family is faced with two labour decisions, namely with respect to hired labour and to family labour. The framework for analysis is exp...

Labour migration is a pervasive feature of economic development. People mobility for temporary or permanent labour purposes is a routine part of agricultural activity. There are very significant migration flows in some developing areas, with considerable impacts on individuals, households and regions at origin. Despite the growing debate about motivations and impacts of recent migration flows, ...

In today's world the agricultural sector employs half of the world's labour force with an estimated 1.3 billion workers active in agricultural production worldwide. The majority of agricultural workers are found in developing countries. A great majority are small scale farmers. They have been more often victims rather than beneficiaries of the green revolution, the technological development and...

Agricultural mechanisation, as we know it today, is a relative newcomer to the art and science of profitable farming. It is only since the end of World War I1 that agricultural mechanisation has moved forward to take its place as one of the major factors concerned with profitable agricultural production. This rapid expansion has, together with all the many desirable attributes of mechanisation,...

Measuring of the size and structure of the labour force in rural areas in Poland causes many difficulties. In particular, it refers to the population working in agriculture. It results from different data obtained from different statistical sources, from high dynamics of changes taking place in the Polish agriculture as regards the labour force, a high rate of older people working in agricultur...