In 1873, former slave John Washington (1838–1918) wrote his memoir, Memorys of the Past. This account includes a remarkable map that locates Washington’s experiences as a slave, his acts of resistance, and the route of his escape from bondage in 1862. Washington’s map is both a work of memory and a rare example of a subaltern cartographic practice. The act of mapping his experiences in Frederic...

SUMMARY After a short reference to Iran-Iraq war as a motivating factor for the present study, the issues of battle stress and psychological wounds of war ar discuused. Reactions of the world armies 10 psychological breakdown of soldiers, military psychotherapy, therapy in combat zone and its developmental process through Civil war, Crimean war, first and Second world wars, Korean and Vietnam ...

This study examines a sharp decline of school attendance among white children in the Southern US after the Civil War. According to Census data, the school-attendance rate among whites in the Confederate states declined by almost half from 1860 to 1870, whereas that in the Northern states was approximately stable. This shock left the South approximately three decades behind its antebellum trend....

This study aims to explain the background, direction and policy objectives of Sukutu occupation government (SCAP) (Supreme Commander Allied Powers) under General Douglas MacArthur in Japan after World War II. research is a library with qualitative methods. Library (library research), that utilizes sources obtain data. The United States' since 1945 was against background Japan's involvement II w...