It has now been well established that the depth of bedrock is a key parameter in assessing the impact of local site conditions on seismic hazard analysis. Where conventional geotechnical testing like standard penetration test (SPT) or cone penetration test (CPT) requires a far greater cost and manpower to be used for such purposes, geophysical testing like ground-penetrating radar (GPR) and mul...

Accounting for the effect of rebar depth variation is one of the most important and challenging tasks to accurately assess the condition of reinforced concrete elements using ground penetrating radar (GPR) technique. In current practices, this task is performed on the individual basis, as for each bridge deck a unique depth correction model is derived from the GPR data collected on it. It is fo...

One of the major issues in buried archeological sites especially if characterized by intense human activity, complex structures, and several constructive phases, is: to what depth conduct the excavation? The answer depends on a number of factors, among these one of the most important is the a priori and reliable knowledge of what the subsoil can preserve. To this end, geophysics (if used in str...

This paper provides a comparative study between microwave tomography and synthetic time-reversal imaging techniques as applied to ground penetrating radar (GPR) surveys. The comparison is carried out by processing experimental data collected at a controlled test site, with different types of buried targets at given subsurface depths and representative soil conditions. It is shown that the two t...

This paper proposes a probabilistic conic mixture model based on a classification expectation maximization algorithm and applies this algorithm to Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) spatial data interpretation. Previous work tackling this problem using Hough transform or neural networks for identifying GPR hyperbolae are unsuitable for on-site applications owing to their computational demands and t...

We study the capabilities of low frequency radar systems to sound the subsurface in arid countries. This approach is based on the coupling between two complementary radar techniques: the airborne Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) used in L-band (1.2 GHz) for imaging large scale subsurface structures, and the Ground-Penetrating Radar (GPR) used between 500 and 900 MHz for sounding soils at a local ...

Natural soil pipes are common and significant in upland blanket peat catchments yet there are major problems in finding and defining the subsurface pipe networks. This is particularly important because pipeflow can contribute a large proportion of runoff to the river systems in these upland environments and may significantly influence catchment sediment and solute yields. Traditional methods su...

Ground penetrating radar (commonly called GPR) is a high resolution electromagnetic technique that is designed primarily to investigate the shallow subsurface of the earth, building materials, and roads and bridges. GPR has been developed over the past thirty years for shallow, high resolution investigations of the subsurface. GPR is a time-depen­ dent geophysical technique that can provide a 3...

A method for detecting buried mines in ground penetrating radar (GPR) data using a Hough transform approach is described. GPR is one of three sensors used in the Mine Hunter/Killer (MH/K) system for detecting buried mines. A buried mine modeled as a point scatterer in object space gives rise to a hyperbolic response in GPR measurement space. Our approach uses the Hough transform to recover the ...