The effect of temperature cycling on the relative productions of aflatoxins B1 and G1 by Aspergillus parasiticus NRRL 2999 was studied. The cycling of temperature between 33 and 15 degrees C favored aflatoxin B1 accumulation, whereas cycling between 35 and 15 degrees C favored aflatoxin G1 production. Cultures subjected to temperature cycling between 33 and 25 degrees C at various time interval...

Mice are resistant to aflatoxin hepatotoxicity, primarily due to high expression of glutathione S-transferases (GSTs), and in particular the GSTA3 subunit. Nuclear factor erythroid 2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling, which controls a broad-based cytoprotective response, was activated either genetically or pharmacologically in an attempt to rescue GSTA3 knockout mice from aflatoxin genotoxicity...

objective: with consideration of lethal effects of aflatoxins specially b1 on human health. estimation of aflatoxin-albumin adduct, as an important marker of aflatoxin exposure, seems essential. the aim of this study is optimization of hplc-fluorescence method for measurement of this important marker in blood serum. materials and methods: in this study, blood serum of three groups of rats as a...

To assess the incidence of aflatoxins contamination in different commodities, a representative countrywide study was conducted. One hundred composed samples of cereals, grains, spices, condiments and refined and raw sugars were analysed for aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2. The moisture contents of all the food samples were also invariably determined. Only 6% of the samples namely maize and red chil...

A system for the formation of an aflatoxin B1-reduced glutathione conjugate in vitro was developed, capable of yielding 80% conversion of aflatoxin B1 into the conjugate. A reverse-phase high-pressure-liquid-chromatography system was also devised that not only facilitates improved resolution of the compound but that, by manipulation of the pH, is also capable of an extensive purification of the...

Isolation of Apergillus flavus from groundnut and production of aflatoxin on rice. a method has been developed for the production of aflatoxin by growing Aspergillus flavus strain AJ on the solid substrate rice. Optimal yields, more than 1mg of aflatoxin B1 per gram of starting material, were obtained in 5 days at 28C.A crude product containing aflatoxin was isolated by HPLC (High Performance L...

The present study was conducted to determine whether or not aflatoxin B1 was an effective inducing agent for lysogenic bacteria and to characterize some of the parameters involved in induction. A lysogenic strain of Bacillus megaterium (NRRL-B-3695) and an indicator strain of this species (NRRL-B-3694) were used. Cultures of the lysogenic strain were incubated for various periods of time in the...

Glutathione-S-transferase-catalyzed conjugation of glutathione (GSH) to aflatoxin B1-8,9-epoxide plays an important role in preventing binding of this ultimate carcinogen to target macromolecules. Once formed, the aflatoxin B1-epoxide-GSH conjugates are actively extruded from the cell by an unidentified ATP-dependent export pump or pumps. Two possible candidates for this GSH conjugate pump are ...

This paper describes the effect of temperature on the level of aflatoxin production in Mucuna pruriens seeds. The highest level of aflatoxin B1 (1.75 micrograms/g) was detected in the samples incubated at 25 degrees C for three weeks. At 20, 30, and 35 degrees C, aflatoxin levels were 0.30 to 0.56, 0.37 to 1.20, and 0.26 to 0.65 micrograms/g, respectively. The lowest concentration of aflatoxin ...