In the present context of ‘get tough on crime’ and ‘back to criminal justice’ campaigns that continue to dominate political agendas throughout Australia, critics point to the inadequacy of ‘welfarist’ or reformist criminological and sociological theories that have informed interventions in the past, and reinforce the need for ‘retributive justice’ models of penal policy. This paper examines his...

In the last few years, we have seen explicit recognition of the administration of justice both as a key component of the legal infrastructure provided by the State and as a service to the public, making evident the need to attain efficiency and efficacy in order to improve access to justice and to increase society’s trust of the administration of justice and the working of legal institutions an...

Relationships between justice perceptions and pay satisfaction were examined using Colquitt’s (2001) justice scale and Heneman and Schwab’s (1985) Pay Satisfaction Scale (PSQ). LISREL results from 151 technology professionals show distributive, procedural and informational justice are differentially related to pay level, raises, benefits and structure and administration. Implications for resear...

since the last few years, criminal policy authorities of iran started to withdraw their previous emphasis on repressive approaches and under the impact of criminological studies and translation of policy initiatives in western countries new concept and vocabulary were entered into official discourse and criminal justice policy of iran. consequently, a list of community-based approaches to crimi...

normative constitution is the highest law system and the consistency of this system requires, following the rules below from the superior rules. from this view, preservation of the constitution as the fundamental law governing the legal system of each country needs to legal ways of controlling instruments. this process is followed from two distinct complementary routes of constitutionalization ...