Adjuncts are characteristically optional, but many, such as adverbs and adjectives, are strictly ordered. In Minimalist Grammars (MGs), it is straightforward to account for optionality or ordering, but not both. I present an extension of MGs, MGs with Adjunction, which accounts for optionality and ordering simply by keeping track of two pieces of information at once: the original category of th...

This paper focuses on wh-in-situ phenomena under phase-based approach and discusses the asymmetry between wh-arguments and wh-adjuncts in Mandarin Chinese. Wh-adjuncts, contrary to wh-arguments, are considered to be operators and must undergo movement so that the wh-island effects in this case can be explained. This paper attributes the subjacency effect to the locality requirement of wh-adjunc...

Administration of opioids to alleviate moderate to severe acute pain and chronic cancer pain is an established management process. However, advancements in clinical pharmacologic research have shown that opioids are also effective in chronic noncancerous pain. Many patients properly treated for prolonged periods with opioids develop tolerance and subsequently, physical dependence. This process ...

The behaviour of adverbs and adjectives has qualities of both ordinary selection and something else, something unique to modifiers. This makes them difficult to model. Modifiers are generally optional and transparent to selection while arguments are required and driven by selection. Cinque [4] proposes that adverbs, functional heads, and descriptive adjectives are underlyingly uniformly ordered...

We present an analysis of adjuncts which, while based on the traditional binary adjunction schema, accommodates the phenomena that motivate the alternative Adjunct-as-Complement approach, such as adjunct extraction and case marking. The key idea is to enable the syntactic head (modifiee) to select for its modifier (adjunct) via the new valence feature dedicated for adjuncts, while leaving its v...

Previous HPSG accounts of extraction blur the distinction between valents and adjuncts by allowing verbs to lexically control the modifiers that combine with their phrasal projections. However, assuming that adjuncts are valents runs into various difficulties. This paper argues that the distinction between complements and adjuncts can be maintained, and that certain semantic phenomena that chal...

I present and argue for a theory of adjuncts according to which, their respective hosts are derived as separate, parallel objects that not combined until forced by the process linearization. I formalize notion workspace, workspace-based operation MERGE. Finally, show this approach naturally accounts...