We study a two locus model, with additive contributions to the phenotype, to explore the dynamics of different phenotypic characteristics under stabilizing selection and recombination. We demonstrate that the interaction of selection and recombination results in constraints on the mode of phenotypic evolution. Let Vg be the genic variance of the trait and CL be the contribution of linkage diseq...

Using the additive weight method of vector optimization problems and the method of essential solutions, we study some continuity properties of the mapping which associates the set of efficient solutions S(f ) to the objective function f . To understand such properties, the key point is to consider the stability of additive weight solutions and the relationship between efficient solutions and ad...

In this study, quantitative trait loci (QTLs) controlling rice heading date were detected in a F2:3 population derived from a cross between an indica rice variety, Tarom Mahalli, with early heading date, and an indica variety, Khazar, with late heading date. SSR linkage map was constructed using 74 polymorphic markers and 192 F2 individuals and covered a total of 1231.50 cM of rice genome. QTL ...

We introduce three reasonable versions of fuzzy approximately additive functions in fuzzy normed spaces. More precisely, we show under some suitable conditions that an approximately additive function can be approximated by an additive mapping in a fuzzy sense. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. MSC: primary 46S40secondary 39B52 39B82 26E50 46S50

F(2) populations are commonly used in genetic studies of animals and plants. For simplicity, most quantitative trait locus or loci (QTL) mapping methods have been developed on the basis of populations having two distinct genotypes at each polymorphic marker or gene locus. In this study, we demonstrate that dominance can cause the interactions between markers and propose an inclusive linear mode...

Heterosis is widely used in breeding, but the genetic basis of this biological phenomenon has not been elucidated. We postulate that additive and dominance genetic effects as well as two-locus interactions estimated in classical QTL analyses are not sufficient for quantifying the contributions of QTL to heterosis. A general theoretical framework for determining the contributions of different ty...

In this study, dynamic quantitative trait loci (QTL) were mapped in a recombinant inbred line (F2:4) population derived from a BF3109 x Q267 cross. This was done during the unconditional (4, 7, and 10 days) and conditional (0 to 4, 4 to 7, and 7 to 10 days) germination stages in sh2 sweet corn. The values of seedling dry weight, weight of mobilized seed reserve (WMSR), seed reserve depletion pe...

Let A be an algebra, and let θ, φ be ring automorphisms of A. An additive mapping H : A → A is called a θ, φ -derivation if H xy H x θ y φ x H y for all x, y ∈ A. Moreover, an additive mapping F : A → A is said to be a generalized θ, φ -derivation if there exists a θ, φ derivation H : A → A such that F xy F x θ y φ x H y for all x, y ∈ A. In this paper, we investigate the superstability of gene...

using fixed point method, we prove some new stability results for lie $(alpha,beta,gamma)$-derivations and lie $c^{ast}$-algebra homomorphisms on lie $c^{ast}$-algebras associated with the euler-lagrange type additive functional equation begin{align*} sum^{n}_{j=1}f{bigg(-r_{j}x_{j}+sum_{1leq i leq n, ineq j}r_{i}x_{i}bigg)}+2sum^{n}_{i=1}r_{i}f(x_{i})=nf{bigg(sum^{n}_{i=1}r_{i}x_{i}bigg)} end{...