population dynamics of three main alfalfa aphids, namely: pea aphid, acyrthosiphon pisum (harris), spotted alfalfa aphid, therioaphis trifolii forma maculata (buckton), black alfalfa aphid, aphis craccivora koch, and their most abundant predators and parasitoids in three sites and in two subsequent years in isfahan, iran, were investigated. the results revealed that frequency and temporal occur...

The experiment was carried out in the conventional and organic experimental fields of Institute Agriculture - Karnobat, period 2019 2022. aim to study influence weed infestation cropping system pea (Pisum sativum (Linn.)) on beneficial harmful entomofauna. Six seven species insects from families three orders were found damage farming, respectively. Their density higher farming. most economicall...

The gap gene hunchback (hb) is a key regulator in the anteroposterior patterning of insects. Loss-of-function of hb resulted in segmentation defects in the next generation. In this paper, hb expression level was investigated at different developmental stages of the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum (Ap). Aphb mRNA was most early detected at the first instar stage and showed an incontinuous increas...

Herbivores can ingest and store plant-synthesized toxic compounds in their bodies, and sequester those compounds for their own benefits. The broad bean, Vicia faba L., contains a high quantity of L-DOPA (L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine), which is toxic to many insects. However, the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum, can feed on V. faba normally, whereas many other aphid species could not. In this stu...

In this study, it was tried to determine the amount of prey consumed by Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens) (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) at varying densities and its potency in reducing population pest. Aphids used as nutrients [Aphis fabae Scopoli Acyrthosiphon pisum Harris (Hemiptera: Aphididae)] were given each larval stage (InstarI, InstarII, InstarIII) predator certain numbers (5, 10, 20, 40, 80, 1...

Endosymbiotic associations have played a major role in evolution. However, the molecular basis for the biochemical interdependence of these associations remains poorly understood. The aphid-Buchnera endosymbiosis provides a powerful system to elucidate how these symbioses are regulated. In aphids, the supply of essential amino acids depends on an ancient nutritional symbiotic association with t...

prey preference of natural enemies is among the phenomena that should be considered in determining the efficacy of natural enemies. when the predators are faced with a choice between two or more preys, they often show their preference to one from among them. temperature is one of the environmental factors that can affect insect foraging behavior. two aphid species namely aphis fabae and acyrtho...