Acute rejection continues to present a major obstacle to successful lung transplantation. Although CD4(+) T lymphocytes are critical for the rejection of some solid organ grafts, the role of CD4(+) T cells in the rejection of lung allografts is largely unknown. In this study, we demonstrate in a novel model of orthotopic vascularized mouse lung transplantation that acute rejection of lung allog...

BACKGROUND Induction therapy regimens classified as conventional immunosuppressive agents and lower doses of conventional agents combined with antibodies against T-cell antigens have been purposed to prevent acute rejection after renal transplantation. Various induction agents with different doses and durations have been suggested based on the risk profile of patients. OBJECTIVE To assess the...

Long-term success in xenotransplantation is currently hampered by acute vascular rejection. The inciting cause of acute vascular rejection is not yet known; however, a variety of observations suggest that the humoral immune response of the recipient against the donor may be involved in the pathogenesis of this process. Using a pig-to-baboon heterotopic cardiac transplant model, we examined the ...

BACKGROUND Percutaneous biopsy is the method of choice for differential diagnosis of renal allograft dysfunction, although it is not risk-free. The use of less aggressive methods for diagnosis should limit the need for percutaneous biopsy to some specific situations. METHODS We analysed 42 fine-needle aspiration biopsies from 36 kidney allograft recipients immunosuppressed with quadruple sequ...

Acute allograft pancreatitis is common following simultaneous pancreas and kidney (SPK) transplantation with either bladder or enteric drainage w1,2x. Allograft pancreatitis may be caused by infection, bladder drainage problems, alcohol, drugs and diet w1x. Pancreatic allograft rejection, usually occurring in the context of renal allograft rejection, may cause a syndrome similar to acute allogr...

Allograft dysfunction is a common problem after kidney transplant. Allograft rejection is an important entity, and timely diagnosis and appropriate treatment are essential for caring transplant recipients. Hyperacute rejection is mediated by the preformed donor specific antibody, while accelerated acute rejection represents an anamnestic response by memory B and T cells. They occur early after ...

The diagnosis of acute rejection still relies on renal allograft biopsy. In fact, histological features including C4d staining can be useful to differentiate cellular and antibody-mediated acute rejection. However, the pathogenic mechanism to define the type of rejection is usually assessed by anti-HLA donor specific antibodies (DSA) monitoring. Suspicion of acute rejection is usually based on ...

Renal biopsy is a gold standard for establishing diagnosis of acute rejection of the renal allograft. However, being invasive, renal biopsy has potential significant complications and contraindications. Therefore, possibility to noninvasively diagnose acute rejection would improve follow-up of kidney transplant patients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate urine immunocytology for T cells...

Acute allograft rejection is a major complication postlung transplantation and is the main risk factor for the development of bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome. Acute rejection is characterized by intragraft infiltration of activated mononuclear cells. The ELR-negative CXC chemokines CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL11) are potent chemoattractants for mononuclear cells and act through their shared recept...