Continental precipitation not routed to the oceans as runoff returns to the atmosphere as evapotranspiration. Partitioning this evapotranspiration flux into interception, transpiration, soil evaporation, and surface water evaporation is difficult using traditional hydrological methods, yet critical for understanding the water cycle and linked ecological processes. We combined two large-scale fl...

This paper focuses on the quantification of the green – vegetation related – water flux of forest stands in the temperate lowland of Flanders. The underlying reason of the research was to develop a methodology for assessing the impact of forests on the hydrologic cycle in comparison to agriculture. The tested approach for calculating the water use by forests was based on the application of the ...

Crop coefficient for cherries was evaluated by measure the water consumption in Michigan State to find its variation with time as plant growth. coefficients value (Kc) were predicated University (MSU) and also Food Agriculture Organization (FAO) according consume of through season. In this paper crop are modified accordingly actual measurements soil moisture content. Actual evapotranspiration (...

Soil evaporation can signifi cantly infl uence energy fl ux partitioning of partially vegetated surfaces, ultimately affecting plant transpiration. While important, quantifi cation of soil evaporation, separately from canopy transpiration, is challenging. Techniques for measuring soil evaporation exist and continually improve. The large variability in soil water content requires that there be c...

24 The main goal of this research was to evaluate the potential of the dual approach of 25 FAO-56 for estimating actual crop evapotranspiration (AET) and its components (crop 26 transpiration and soil evaporation) of an olive (Olea europaea L.) orchard in the semi arid 27 region of Tensift-basin (central of Morocco). Two years (2003 and 2004) of continuous 28 measurements of AET with the eddy c...

Accurate estimation of evapotranspiration (ET) and its components is critical to developing a better understanding of climate, hydrology, and vegetation coverage conditions for areas of interest. A hybrid dual-source (H-D) model incorporating the strengths of the two-layer and two-patch schemes was proposed to estimate actual ET processes by considering varying vegetation coverage patterns and ...

Literature regarding evaporation from soil, wet plant surfaces, and sprinkler droplets was examined, normalized, and inter­ preted. Much of the evaporation literature is difficult to compare and interpret; this paper offers comparisons and discussions of various findings by others as well as by the writers. Techniques of measuring and estimating evaporation from irrigation and rainfall are disc...

Estimating the magnitude of the different fluxes in the hydrological cycle is essential if we are to predict the impacts of climate change. However, climate change is acting on a dynamic three dimensional globe where change in one region may produce impacts in another. This creates a need to expand the current climate change studies to encompass the entire globe. Evaporation is a key component ...