Manganese-oxidizing bacteria in the aquatic environment have been comprehensively investigated. However, little information is available about the distribution and biogeochemical significance of these bacteria in terrestrial soil environments. In this study, stratified soils were initially examined to investigate the community structure and diversity of manganese-oxidizing bacteria. Total 344 c...

Many unicellular flagellates are mixotrophic and access resources through both photosynthesis and prey capture. Their fitness depends on those processes as well as on swimming and predator avoidance. How does the flagellar arrangement and beat pattern of the flagellate affect swimming speed, predation risk due to flow-sensing predators, and prey capture? Here, we describe measured flows around ...

Lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs) are a recently discovered class of enzymes capable of oxidizing recalcitrant polysaccharides. They are attracting considerable attention owing to their potential use in biomass conversion, notably in the production of biofuels. Previous studies have identified two discrete sequence-based families of these enzymes termed AA9 (formerly GH61) and AA10 (f...

RuO2(110) was formed on Ru(0001) under oxygen-rich reaction conditions at 550 K and high pressures. This phase was also synthesized using pure O2 and high reaction temperatures. Subsequently the RuO2 was subjected to CO oxidation reaction at stoichiometric and net reducing conditions at near-atmospheric pressures. Both in situ polarization modulation infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy ...

Biodesulfurization of coal has been carried out in batch culture of single strain and mixed culture of sulfur oxidizing bacteria. The pure cultures of Thiobacillus thiooxidans and Thiobacillus ferrooxidans utilized inorganic sulfur content of Malaysian coal. The chemolithotroph bacteria were able to grow on coal and metabolize the coal's sulfur content. The batch cultures of coal with 3-5 perce...

The comparative analysis of microbial communities of pure and oil – polluted soils of Ukraine conducted by us has shown the considerable predominance in the latter the representatives of Rhodococcus and Gordonia genera. Among them the most part of strains belonged to the species of Rhodococcus erythropolis and Gordonia rubripertincta. Rhodococcus fascians, Rhodococcus ruber and Dietzia maris sp...

We report and solidly interpret the infrared spectrum of both pristine and oxidized carbynes embedded in a pure-carbon matrix. The spectra probe separately the effects of oxidation on sp- and on sp(2)-hybridized carbon, and provide information on the stability of the different structures in an oxidizing atmosphere. The final products are mostly short end-oxidized carbynes anchored with a double...

The method of X-Ray Photo-electron Spectroscopy is used to determine the chemical state of the sulfur species present in fly-ash samples produced by burning a number of pulverized coal samples under reducing conditions in a continuous combustion furnace. The influence of submicron metallic constituents present in the flue-gases of the pyrometallurical systems on the state of the sulfur species ...