The aim of this study was to assess the epidemiological and epizootiological situation on tularemia in Republic Karelia, develop a set preventive (anti-epidemic) measures. Materials methods. On basis statistical observation data, primary medical documentation literature morbidity population, number vaccinated persons, results laboratory studies small mammals, arthropods environmental objects, s...

Many viruses (herpes simplex virus type 1, polyomavirus, and human immunodeficiency virus type 1) require the activation of ataxia telangiectasia mutated protein (ATM) and/or Mre11 for a fully permissive infection. However, the longer life cycle of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) may require more specific interactions with the DNA repair machinery to maximize viral replication. A prototypical dama...

A cascade of events leading to hypertrophy has been proposed and implicated in growth regulation in a variety of normal and neoplastic cells and tissues. There is a tightly coupled temporal sequence: (a) cyclic adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate-dependent protein kinase (cAPK) activation; (b) ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) induction; and (c) the accumulation of the organic cation, spermidine, resulti...

Wiscott Aldrich Syndrome protein (WASP) deficiency results in defects in calcium ion signaling, cytoskeletal regulation, gene transcription and overall T cell activation. The activation of WASP constitutes a key pathway for actin filament nucleation. Yet, when WASP function is eliminated there is negligible effect on actin polymerization at the immunological synapse, leading to gaps in our unde...

Primary tumors secrete factors that alter the microenvironment of distant organs, rendering those organs as fertile soil for subsequent metastatic cancer cell colonization. Although the lungs are exposed to these factors ubiquitously, lung metastases usually develop as a series of discrete lesions. The underlining molecular mechanisms of the formation of these discrete lesions are not understoo...

PURPOSE To investigate the distribution of co-activation patterns of the recently identified ventral visual areas FG1 and FG2 of the posterior fusiform gyrus using the novel meta-analytic approach PaMiNI (Pattern Mining in NeuroImaging). MATERIALS AND METHODS All neuroimaging experiments reporting activation foci within FG1 or FG2 were retrieved from the BrainMap database. The stereotaxic act...

BACKGROUND Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies have reported multiple activation foci associated with a variety of conditions, stimuli or tasks. However, most of these studies used fewer than 40 participants. METHODOLOGY After extracting data (number of subjects, condition studied, number of foci identified and threshold) from 94 brain fMRI meta-analyses (k = 1,788 unique dat...

The molecular role of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 in DNA repair is unclear. Here, we show that the single-strand break repair protein XRCC1 is rapidly assembled into discrete nuclear foci after oxidative DNA damage at sites of poly (ADP-ribose) synthesis. Poly (ADP-ribose) synthesis peaks during a 10 min treatment with H2O2 and the appearance of XRCC1 foci peaks shortly afterwards. Both site...

To identify critical events associated with heat-induced cell killing, we examined foci formation of gammaH2AX (histone H2AX phosphorylated at serine 139) in heat-treated cells. This assay is known to be quite sensitive and a specific indicator for the presence of double-strand breaks. We found that the number of gammaH2AX foci increased rapidly and reached a maximum 30 minutes after heat treat...

We demonstrated previously that expression of simian virus 40 (SV40) large T antigen (LT), without a viral origin, is sufficient to induce the hallmarks of a cellular DNA damage response (DDR), such as focal accumulation of gamma-H2AX and 53BP1, via Bub1 binding. Here we expand our characterization of LT effects on the DDR. Using comet assays, we demonstrate that LT induces overt DNA damage. Th...