Blackening was observed on the surfaces of Mesopotamian clay tablets from Umma, Dilbat, Larsa, Ur, Babylon, Uruk, Sippar, and Nippur produced between the Third Dynasty of Ur and the Early Achaemenid Dynasty. Portable X-ray fluorescence analysis revealed that manganese was concentrated on the blackened surfaces. Rod-shaped materials with a length of 100 200 nm and a width of 30 nm were observed ...

BACKGROUND In this paper, paleoparasitological findings from rodent excrements obtained from Chehrabad Salt Mine archeological site located in northwest of Iran are demonstrated and discussed. METHODS Chehrabad Salt Mine archeological site located in northwest of Iran, dated to the Achaemenid (mid 1(st) mill. BCE) and to Sassanid (3(rd) cent. - 7(th) cent. CE) period, is a unique study area t...

Animal combats (venationes) were a popular entertainment in the Roman world. Splashy panels of inlaid marble (opus sectile) commemorate these bloody contests several buildings and around Rome. Among most well-known are survivals from 4th century CE Basilica Junius Bassus and, decades later, marble-revetted hall Porta Marina at Ostia. On face it, wall decoration sites memorializes typical activi...

Abstract This survey discusses a series of achievements in comparative Indo-Iranian studies, on the occasion appearance new representative volume. The presentation these aims to trace existing and directions scholarly co-operation between Vedists, Avestologists, specialists Achaemenid Sassanian as well as, more generally, Indo-Europeanists, philologists scholars history culture religions with a...

The contribution discusses Achaemenid deportation policies as exemplified by the case of Egyptians. central argument, based on readings Herodotus and Ctesias, is that aim deportations in aftermath Cambyses’ conquest country was stabilisation rule. This to be achieved transplanting a significant number notoriously rebellious makhimoi Lower Egypt, local warlords, into empire’s core region; thereb...

achaemenid ruled over a vast territory, to which included asia minor (modern turkey), that was conquered during cyrus the great campaign to lydia. following this its cities was added to persian satrapies. the name of all the persian satrapies was not mentioned in achaemenid official texts, because achaemenid political style was in this way that the conquered areas came under the central power c...

various opinions have been put forward about achaemenian beliefs and thoughts, especially about the religious beliefs of the achaemenian kings such as cyrus the great. scholars rely on herodotus’s statements that “they didn’t look at building temples and altars as a religious tradition, they refer believing in these things as ignorance and foolishness in the converse opinion to greeks. they did...

undoubtedly achamenids, as the greatest empire of ancient periods that tried to preserve its internal security and defend its frontiers, needed the help of their appointed governors who were usually elected from among achaemenid families. besoos, who was one of achaemenids, was appointed as a governor on east (bacteria). besoos dismissed and killed darius iii and claimed himself as the emperor ...