Differing efficiencies of utilization of acetic, propionic and butyric acids in both fasting and fattening sheep have been demonstrated by Blaxter and his colleagues (Armstrong & Blaxter, 1957a, b ; Armstrong, Blaxter & Graham, 1957). In fasting sheep, when the acids were given singly as the sole source of energy, the heat increment with acetic acid (41 yo of the energy of the metabolized acid)...

Composted and fresh beef cattle manure samples were extracted with distilled water, acetone, methanol, 2 N sodium hydroxide, 2 N hydrochloric acid, and ether. Bioassay techniques, using the extracts, showed that composted manure extracts had limited effect on seed germination and seeding development of wheat and sorghum. All the extracts of fresh manure, other than distilled water, retarded ger...

The processes of extractive distillation and heteroazeotropic mixtures containing water a high-boiling component (propionic acid, acetic 1-methoxy-2-propanol) are compared. Entrainers declared in the literature as effective agents for these were selected separating agents. A process simulation AspenPlus V.11.0 is made. Parametric optimization carried out column operation parameters (number stag...

The effect of rumen liquid volume, pH and concentration of volatile fatty acids (VFA) on the rates of absorption of acetic, propionic and butyric acids from the rumen was examined in lactating dairy cows. Experimental solutions introduced into the emptied, washed rumen comprised two different volumes (10 or 30 l), four levels of pH (4.5, 5.4, 6.3, 7.2) and three levels of individual VFA concent...

I n an earlier publication (Rook & Line, 1961) it was suggested that the increases in the yield and solids-not-fat (s.N.F.) content of milk that occur in response to an improvement in the plane of energy nutrition of the cow are due to increases in the ruminal production of acetic and propionic acids. Evidence was given supporting the view that the acids differ in their effects on the synthesis...

Soybean meal (SBM) was treated with acid or alkali to determine effects on N solubility, in vitro NH3-N accumulation, in situ N degradability, and N digestion and retention in growing lambs. The following SBM treatments resulted in decreased (P less than .05) N solubility and in vitro NH3-N accumulation compared with control SBM: spraying with 2.5 or 5% acetic or propionic acid, soaking in .5 N...

anaerobic digestion is the breakdown of biodegradable organic material by microorganisms in the absence of oxygen or in an oxygen-starved environment.this technology is superior to the landfilling and also the aerobic composting. the aim of the present study was to examine whether the effluent volatile fatty acids from the anaerobic acidogenesis of the food waste can be used du to its high valu...

Fourteen pesticides (fungicides, herbicides, and insecticides) were tested to determine whether they had deleterious effects on the bioinsecticide Bacillus popilliae, the causal agent of milky disease. All of these pesticides reduced levels of spore viability, spore germination, and/or vegetative cell growth when they were tested over a range of concentrations from 0 to 1,000 ppm of active ingr...

The fundamental investigations of Virtanen (1923, 1925), Virtanen and Karstrom (1931), and van Niel (1928) on the mechanism of glucose dissimilation by the propionic acid bacteria have led to the proposal that glucose after preliminary phosphorylation is converted into 2 molecules of the C) type. Virtanen upon theoretical considerations concludes that lactic acid is an intermediate product of t...