The variation of microbial activity during acclimation to 4-chlorophenol (4CP) in an aerobic automated sequencing batch reactor was studied. The results show a reduction in degradation time as the acclimation process occurred. During acclimation for an initial concentration of 50 mg 4CP/L, degradation time was reduced from 40 h to 50 min after 10 cycles. In the case of an initial concentration ...

H2O2 and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades play important functions in plant stress responses, but their roles in acclimation response remain unclear. This study examined the functions of H2O2 and MPK1/2 in acclimation-induced cross-tolerance in tomato plants. Mild cold, paraquat, and drought as acclimation stimuli enhanced tolerance to more severe subsequent chilling, photooxida...

As a consequence of the growing concern about warming of the Arctic Ocean, this study quantified the thermal acclimation responses of Boreogadus saida, a key Arctic food web fish. Physiological rates for cardio-respiratory functions as well as critical maximum temperature (Tc,max) for loss of equilibrium (LOE) were measured. The transition temperatures for these events (LOE, the rate of oxygen ...

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of active heat acclimation on the sweat osmolality and sweat sodium ion concentration vs. sweat rate relationship in humans. Eight healthy male volunteers completed 10 days of exercise in the heat. The mean exercising heart rate and core temperature were significantly decreased (P < 0.05) by 18 beats/min and 0.6 degrees C, respectively, foll...

Priming improves an organism's performance upon a future stress. To test whether cold priming supports protection in spring and how it is affected by cold acclimation, we compared seven Arabidopsis accessions with different cold acclimation potentials in the field and in the greenhouse for growth, photosynthetic performance and reproductive fitness in March and May after a 14 day long cold-pret...

Serum osmolality and serum inorganic ion concentrations were studied in two antarctic fish species, Trematomus bernacchii and T. newnesi, during 5 weeks of acclimation to 4 degrees C and compared with control values for groups acclimated to -1.5 degrees C. Acclimation to 4 degrees C significantly decreased the serum osmolality of both species, thereby increasing their seawater-to-extracellular ...

The snow-cover on soil, the factor that protects wheat from the biting cold, has generally declined; on the other hand, the surface air temperature has warmed. It is not clear whether these changes decrease winter-killing of wheat or favor it in Iran. Therefore, this study was mainly aimed to determine the past trend in frequency of winter-kill events (Y) for wheat with -4 oC frost tolerance, u...

We studied metabolic and organ mass responses to thermal acclimation (7 weeks at 5 degrees C or 23 degrees C) in deer mice, Peromyscus maniculatus. Cold acclimation resulted in significantly higher maximal oxygen consumption in thermogenesis (V(O(2)max)) and daily mean oxygen consumption (V(O(2)mean)), an increase in the mass of most visceral organs, a lower absolute body fat and a marginally s...

Mitochondrial performance may play a role in setting whole-animal thermal tolerance limits and their plasticity, but the relative roles of adjustments in mitochondrial performance across different highly aerobic tissues remain poorly understood. We compared heart and brain mitochondrial responses to acute thermal challenges and to thermal acclimation using high-resolution respirometry in two lo...

Acclimation to heat or hypoxic stress activates the heat shock response and accumulation of cytoprotective heat shock proteins (HSPs). By inhibiting the NF-κB pathway HSP72 can preserve epithelial function and reduce systemic inflammation. The aim of this study was to determine the time course of mHSP72 accumulation during acclimation, and to assess intestinal barrier damage and systemic inflam...