In this research, an ancient Iranian ceramic technology, which was published previously for the first time, has been used to produce various colored ceramic glazes.  The color of such ancient glazes was always blue and the suitable body for that is unique due to high quartz content. There is no report of other color productions in productive workshop and scientific publications. The basic purp...

Any natural number can be expressed as an Egyptian fraction, i.e., P 1/ai with a1 < a2 < · · · < a`, where each denominator is the product of three distinct primes.

By considering the notion of multiplication modules over a commutative ring with identity, first we introduce the notion product of two submodules of such modules. Then we use this notion to characterize the prime submodules of a multiplication module. Finally, we state and prove a version of Nakayama lemma for multiplication modules and find some related basic results. 1. Introduction. Let R b...

3D digital representations of an ancient Egyptian artefact were compared for their rendering of surface detail. Normals were generated by three methods: (1) point clouds from the Arius 3D colour scanner; (2) reflectance transform imaging (RTI); (3) photometric stereo. The latter two were constructed from sets of 64 digital images taken under directional lighting in a hemispherical dome. Analysi...

One of the grand goals of historical biogeography is to understand how and why species' population sizes and distributions change over time. Multiple types of data drawn from disparate fields, combined into a single modelling framework, are necessary to document changes in a species's demography and distribution, and to determine the drivers responsible for change. Yet truly integrated approach...

This chapter proposes an analytic approach for the study of ICTs in contentious politics and human rights advocacy. By applying the analytical frames of contingency and hybridity to study design, this approach aims to promote empirical analyses, strengthen data comparability, and improve understanding into how human rights activists strategically combine digital and grounded communications to r...

With the great advances in ancient DNA extraction, genetic data are now obtained from geographically separated individuals from both present and past. However, population genetics theory about the joint effect of space and time has not been thoroughly studied. Based on the classical stepping-stone model, we develop the theory of Isolation by distance and time. We derive the correlation of allel...

Previous research on multiplicative reasoning has shown that for whole numbers, understanding of division is intimately linked to multiplication, as retrieval of division facts is often accomplished through reverse multiplication. We recently extended this research to rational numbers, and found that inverse multiplication problems can serve as primes for one another (e.g., a × b/a = a primes b...

based on the historical data, marhashi has been one of the eventful regions of iran during the second and third millennium b. c. it has been also one of the important confederates of ancient elam during the most of its life time. the mesopotamia texts cited to its name beside the name of ancient elam. the goal of this research is to determine the position of marhashi region through study and ex...

Neurilemmomas are benign tumors of peripheral nerve sheath Schwann cells. One of the variants of neurilemmoma is the ancient type of neurilemmoma characterized by degenerative features such as cystic degeneration, calcification, hemorrhage and hyalinization which could be easily misdiagnosed. Their occurrence in oral cavity is extremely rare and intraosseous type occurring in maxilla is exceedi...