Researchers from the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) conducted an extent-of-exposure study of the 1,3-butadiene monomer, polymer, and end-user industries to determine the size of the exposed workforce, evaluate control technologies and personal protective equipment programs, and assess occupational exposure to 1,3-butadiene. A new analytical method was developed fo...

Studies were conducted on inhalation pharmacokinetics of 1,3-butadiene and of its primary reactive metabolic intermediate 1,2-epoxybutene-3 in rats (Sprague-Dawley) and mice (B6C3F1). Investigations of inhalation pharmacokinetics of 1,3-butadiene revealed saturation kinetics of 1,3-butadiene metabolism in both species. For rats and mice linear pharmacokinetics apply at exposure concentrations b...

regioselective diels-alder reactions of acyl-1,4-benzoquinones 1 with, severally, isoprene, trans-piperylene,1-acetoxy-1,3-butadiene and 1-methoxy-1,3-butadiene gave the corresponding adducts 2 in high yield. treatment of the adducts 2 with manganese dioxide gave regiospecifically the corresponding 1,4-naphthoquinones 3. in several cases, the adducts of the acetylquinones afforded intermediates...

1,3-Butadiene is a highly volatile gas that is used in the production of synthetic rubber; the major end use of the synthetic rubber is automobile tires. 1,3-Butadiene is also used for the production of high impact polystyrene and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) resin plastics The predominant source of 1,3-butadiene in the atmosphere is industrial releases, which can occur during manufact...

Regioselective Diels-Alder reactions of acyl-1,4-benzoquinones 1 with, severally, isoprene, trans-piperylene,1-acetoxy-1,3-butadiene and 1-methoxy-1,3-butadiene gave the corresponding adducts 2 in high yield. Treatment of the adducts 2 with manganese dioxide gave regiospecifically the corresponding 1,4-naphthoquinones 3. In several cases, the adducts of the acetylquinones afforded intermediates...

Species differences in sensitivity to carcinogenic effects from inhaled 1,3-butadiene might stem, at least in part, from differences in uptake, metabolism, and distribution of 1,3-butadiene. To examine this possibility, rats, mice, and monkeys were exposed to stepped concentrations of 14C-labeled 1,3-butadiene and the chemically related compound, isoprene. Respiratory data were collected during...

1,3-Butadiene is a carcinogen in rodents, but its potential carcinogenicity to humans remains controversial. Numerous studies have shown that butadiene and its metabolites cause sister chromatid exchanges in vitro and in vivo. To test for other types of genotoxicity, the micronucleus assay and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) have been used to detect chromosome damage in human lymphocy...

The CH(X(2)Π) + propene reaction is studied in the gas phase at 298 K and 4 Torr (533.3 Pa) using VUV synchrotron photoionization mass spectrometry. The dominant product channel is the formation of C4H6 (m/z 54) + H. By fitting experimental photoionization spectra to measured spectra of known C4H6 isomers, the following relative branching fractions are obtained: 1,3-butadiene (0.63 ± 0.13), 1,2...

This presentation provides a brief overview of the production and use of 1,3-butadiene in the United States. Starting as a coproduct of ethylene, the 1,3-butadiene monomer is extracted and purified, then transferred to consumers. Major uses of 1,3-butadiene include the manufacture of styrene-butadiene rubber, polybutadiene rubber, and adiponitrile.