All-trans-retinoic acid (RA) is known to induce terminal granulocytic differentiation and cell cycle arrest of HL-60 cells. Responding to an RA-induced cytosolic signaling machine, c-Raf translocates to the nucleus, providing propulsion for RA-induced differentiation. This novel mechanism is not understood, but presumably reflects c-Raf binding with nuclear gene regulatory proteins. RRD-251 is ...

Introduction:  IL-8 is one of the pro-inflammatory cytokines which can play an essential role in the pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) as well as nasal polyposis (NP). The ability of individuals in producing IL-8 is partially determined by IL-8-251 A/T polymorphism. Hence, the aim of the present study was to investigate the association between IL-8-251 A/T and CXCR2 +1208 C/T genes ...

CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 237 TRANSFERS INVOLVING EUKARYOTES 239 Phylogenetic Congruency Test 239 Pitfalls Involving Paralogies 241 Pitfalls Involving Unequal Razes 242 Convergent Replacements 243 Tests of Significance 244 MOBILE GENETIC ELEMENTS 244 CHROMOSOMAL GENES IN BACTERIA 245 Mosaic Nature of the E. coli chromosome 245 Salmonella and the Criteria of GC Content 247 Codon Bias 249 Other Bacte...

BACKGROUND Potential functional allele A/T single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of Interleukin 8 (IL-8) promoter -251 has been implicated in gastric cancer risk. METHODS We aimed to explore the role of A/T SNP of IL-8 -251 in the susceptibility to gastric cancer through a systematic review and meta-analysis. Each initially included article was scored for quality appraisal. Desirable data were...

The apoptotic effects of 2-amino-4,4alpha-dihydro-4alpha, 7-dimethyl-3H-phenoxazine-3-one (Phx-1) and 2-aminophenoxazine-3-one (Phx-3) on human glioblastoma cell lines, A-172 and U-251 MG were studied. These phenoxazines extensively decreased the viability of A-172 and U-251 MG cells (IC50 of Phx-1: 60 microM, in both lines; IC50 of Phx-3: 10 and 3 microM, for A-172 and U-251 cells, respectivel...

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Inactivation of the retinoblastoma (Rb) tumor suppressor protein is widespread in human cancers. Inactivation of Rb is thought to be initiated by association with Raf-1 (C-Raf) kinase, and here we determined how RRD-251, a disruptor of the Rb-Raf-1 interaction, affects pancreatic tumor progression. Assessment of phospho-Rb levels in resected human pancreatic tumor specimens by immunohistochemis...