Shielding the artificial ulcer that is left after endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) with a polyglycolic acid (PGA) sheet is a promising method to prevent postoperative complications such as bleeding, perforation, and postoperative stricture, especially in the esophagus [1–4]. The clip and pull method has enabled us to deliver a single undivided PGA sheet that is large enough to completely ...

A 71-year-old Japanese man was admitted on 24 January 2005 because of fever, arthralgia, chest pain and dyspnea. He had suffered from cerebral infarction 2 years previously, and had been treated with ticlopidine (200mg/day) since then. On admission, his temperature was 37.4 C, and C-reactive protein (CRP) was elevated to 19.7mg/dl. Renal function was normal, and there was no proteinuria or micr...

The pattern of methyiation of mouse mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) was studied using several techniques. By employing a sensitive analytical procedure it was possible to show that this DNA contains the modified base 5-methylcytosine (mCyt). This residue occurred exclusively at the dinucleotide sequence CpG at a frequency of 3 to 5%. The pattern of methyiation was further investigated by determining ...

Adleman and Lipton adopted a brute-force search strategy to solve NP-complete problems by DNA computing i.e., a DNA data pool containing the full solution space must first be constructed in the initial test tube (t0), and then correct answers are extracted and/or false ones are eliminated from the data pool step by step. Thus, the number of distinct DNA strands contained in the initial test tub...

Cellular thiols are critical moieties in signal transduction, regulation of gene expression, and ultimately are determinants of specific protein activity. Whilst protein bound thiols are the critical effector molecules, low molecular weight thiols, such as glutathione, play a central role in cytoprotection through (1) direct consumption of oxidants, (2) regeneration of protein thiols and (3) ex...

HIV entry into CD4+ cells requires interaction with a cellular receptor, generally either CCR5 or CXCR4. We have previously reported the case of an HIV-infected patient in whom viral replication remained absent despite discontinuation of antiretroviral therapy after transplantation with CCR5{Delta}32/{Delta}32 stem cells. However, it was expected that the long-lived viral reservoir would lead t...

An increase in United States water pollution has been denoted over the past 30 years. With a rise in water pollution, enhanced filtration and heavy metal remediation methods are imperative. Membrane fouling, the process whereby extraneous particles deposit onto a membrane surface and degrade the membrane’s performance, is a major issue facing ultrafiltration. This study’s goals were to enhance ...