The use of organic compounds in the European Union will in the future be regulated in accordance with the Council Directive 1999/13/EC of 11 March 1999 [1]. In this directive, any organic compound is considered to be a volatile organic compound (VOC) if it has a vapour pressure of 10 Pa or more at 20C, or has a corresponding volatility under the particular condition of use. Introduction of such...

We investigate long-term changes in winter rainfall patterns across the Arabian Peninsula (AP) through an analysis of Climate Research Unit (CRU) gridded dataset, and measurements collected at 39 stations distributed AP over period 1951–2010. reveal a increase about 25–30% eastern decrease 10–20% southern northeastern AP. A partial correlation suggests that canonical El Niños are associated wit...

National and corporate leaders have pledged to act limit global temperature rise 20C, achieve net zero emissions (NZE) primarily through the installation of renewable energies (RE) such as solar wind. This paper focuses on efforts in space particularly batteries, hydrogen hard-to-decarbonize sectors steel. However, unless influence use fossil fuels is simultaneously lowered, REs will continue m...

Experience with a MicroSeq D2 large-subunit (LSU) ribosomal DNA (rDNA) sequencing kit for identification of yeast species commonly encountered in the mycology laboratory at Mayo Clinic is described here. A total of 131 isolates of yeasts recovered from clinical specimens were included in the study. Phenotypic methods used for initial identification included germ tube formation, urease productio...

Rapid identification of Candida species has become more important because of an increase in infections caused by species other than Candida albicans, including species innately resistant to azole antifungal drugs. We previously developed a PCR assay with an enzyme immunoassay (EIA) format to detect amplicons from the five most common Candida species by using universal fungal primers and species...

Leigh syndrome is an early onset, often fatal progressive neurodegenerative disorder caused by mutations in the mitochondrial or nuclear DNA. Until now, mutations in more than 35 genes have been reported to cause Leigh syndrome, indicating an extreme genetic heterogeneity for this disorder, but still only explaining part of the cases. The possibility of whole exome sequencing enables not only m...

Three bunches of unripe ‘Williams’ banana fruit of different maturity, 173, 156 and 71 days from bunch emergence, were harvested. Fruit from the top, bottom and middle hands from each bunch were fumigated for 24 h with 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) at 0, 5, 50 or 500 nl l at 20C. All fruit were then stored at 20C in air containing 0.1 ml l ethylene and the time taken for each fruit to ripen (gre...

The angiotensinogen gene is genetically linked with hypertension, but the mechanistic basis for association of sequence variants in the promoter and coding region of the gene remains unclear. An E-box at position -20 has been hypothesized to control the level of angiotensinogen expression, but its mechanistic importance for angiotensinogen expression in human tissues is uncertain. We developed ...

The MicroScan Rapid Yeast Identification (RYI) panel is a 4-h microdilution system for identification of clinical yeastlike isolates. Its accuracy was evaluated by using 357 isolates encompassing 11 genera and 30 species. The RYI panel identifications were compared with those obtained by the API 20C system assisted with morphological characterization on cornmeal-Tween 80 agar. The panels were r...