background: melanoma causes the greatest morbidity and mortality of all skin cancers. mucosal melanoma is a rare but highly aggressive neoplasm. according to previous studies the prevalence of kit mutations in acrallentiginous and mucosal melanomas is relatively low (less than 15–20%), but it can have profound therapeutic implications for localized high risk or metastatic diseases. our goal was...

The C-erbB-2 proto-oncogene (also called HER-2 or neu) encodes a 185 Kda transmembrane glycoprotein [1]. It was mentioned that this protein is closely related, but yet different to EGF-receptor encoded by the C-erbB-2 proto-oncogene [6]. The structural alteration responsible for activation of C-erbB-2 gene is thought to result from a single mutation by a single amino acid substitution in the tr...

well as allelic deletions ofgenes on chromosomes 11 or 13 (9, 10). The frequency and level of amplification of c-myc and c-erbB-2 proto-oncogenes vary between different groups of patients studied by different laboratories. Amplification of c-erbB-2 was reported in 10, 16, 18, and 40% of breast tumors from different groups of patients (2, 5-8). In one study this proto-oncogene was suggested as a...

Dominique Unruh1 and Jörn Müller-Quade2 1 Saarland University 2 Karlsruhe Institute of Te hnology (KIT) Abstra t. We present the UC/ framework, a general de nition for se ure and in oer ible multi-party proto ols. Our framework allows to model arbitrary rea tive proto ol tasks (by spe ifying an ideal fun tionality) and omes with a universal omposition theorem. We show that given natural setup a...

We test the hypothesis that observed first-peak (Sr, Y, Zr) and second-peak (Ba) s-process elemental abundances in low-metallicity Milky Way stars, of elements Mo Ru, can be explained by a pervasive r-process contribution originating neutrino-driven winds from highly-magnetic rapidly rotating proto-neutron stars (proto-NSs). construct chemical evolution models incorporate recent calculations pr...

the phoneme /l/ is one of the phonemes of persian, which has different origins. a few of which is unknown. this article studies the historical change of /l/ phoneme and phonemes and clusters which are the origins of /l/, from proto indo- european to indo- iranian, old iranian and middle and new persian. in adition, the historical change of other phonems such as group of consonants , which are o...

The study of oncogenic viruses led to the discovery that transforming retroviruses contain oncogenes homologous with and/or derived from cellular proto-oncogenes. In humans malignant transformation is often the result of the activation of proto-oncogenes. Normal proto-oncogenes can be activated to transforming proto-oncogenes by a variety of mechanisms including point mutation, translocation an...

Abstract Intracluster light is thought to originate from stars that were ripped away their parent galaxies by gravitational tides and galaxy interactions during the build up of cluster. The such will accumulate over time, so semi-analytic models suggest abundance intracluster negligible in young proto-clusters at z ∼ 2 grows around a quarter stellar mass oldest, most mature clusters. In contras...