the aim of this study was to compare the effects of three antibiotic alternatives with a control (antibiotic-free) and an antibiotic diet on performance and gut morphology of broilers reared on litter. 600 day-old ross-308 chicks were assigned to 48 pens in a crd design with 6 × 2 factorial arrangements, in which 2 levels of chick density (5 and 7.5 chicks/m2) and 6 experimental diets (control,...

A streptogramin type B antibiotic, virginiamycin S (VS), is produced by Streptomyces virginiae, together with a streptogramin type A antibiotic, virginiamycin M1 (VM), as its synergistic counterpart. VS is a cyclic hexadepsipeptide containing a nonproteinogenic amino acid, Lphenylglycine (L-pheGly), in its core structure. We have identified, in the left-hand extremity of the virginiamycin super...

The use of antibiotics for animal growth promotion has been controversial because of the potential transfer of antibiotic resistance from animals to humans. Such transfer could have severe public health implications in that treatment failures could result. We have followed a risk assessment approach to evaluate policy options for the streptogramin-class of antibiotics: virginiamycin, an animal ...

Bacterial contaminants from commercial fuel ethanol production facilities were previously shown to form biofilms as mixed cultures under laboratory conditions. In this study, a rapid assay was developed to simultaneously compare isolates for their ability to form biofilms as pure cultures. A total of 10 strains were isolated from a dry-grind fuel ethanol plant that routinely doses with virginia...

this research was conducted to compare the effects of two medicinal plants (peppermint and aloe vera) and antibiotic growth promoter on ileum microflora population and growth performance of broiler chickens. in this experiment, 375 one-day old male broiler chickens (ross 308) were used on a completely randomized design with 5 dietary treatments which were replicated 5 times with 15 birds per re...

the study was conducted to evaluate the effect of using powder and hydroalcoholic extract of carum copticum on growth performance, blood parameters, relative weight of internal organs, intestinal microflora, intestinal histomorphology and meat quality in broilers in comparison to virginiamycin antibiotic. the experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with 8 treatments, 3 replic...

Background: Some medicinal plants can stimulate growth in poultry. Objective: To compare the effects of dietary addition virginiamycin antibiotic and galbanum plant (Ferula gummosa) on performance, carcass characteristics, immune system, blood factors broiler chickens. Methods: A total 250 one-day-old male Ross 308 chickens were randomly assigned to five treatments with replicates (10 birds per...

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation with cinnamon powder, cinnamon oil, and synbiotic as growth promoter agents on growth performance, blood parameters, and intestinal microbial populations in Japanese quails. A total of 420 one-day-old Japanese quails were randomly assigned to 7 treatments with 4 replicates. The dietary treatments consi...

The objective of this experiment was to measure the influence of virginiamycin on the apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of AA by growing pigs. Fifteen barrows were surgically equipped with a T-cannula in the distal ileum and used in the experiment (initial BW = 35.0 +/- 2.7 kg). Animals were randomly allotted to 3 dietary treatments with 5 pigs per treatment during a 6-wk experiment. Dietary t...

Virginiamycin produced by Streptomyces virginiae as a natural mix of macrocyclic peptidolactones M and S is widely used in the industrial production of ethanol fuel and as an antibiotic feed additive for cattle and poultry. Its main antimicrobial components, M1 and S1 factors, act synergistically if the M1:S1 ratio in the final product is 70-75:25-30. This fact significantly complicates the dev...