The effects of an extracellular sodium (Na) concentration of 200 mM on function, ionic exchange, and water movements were examined in the vascularly perfused rabbit intraventricular septum. When the perfusate was switched from 142 mMNa to 200 mMNa, dP/ dt fell 20.4% over 2 minutes; dP/dt then recovered to the control level. The time course of the functional recovery correlated with the uptake o...

The effects of an extracellular sodium (Na) concentration of 200 mM on function, ionic exchange, and water movements were examined in the vascularly perfused rabbit intraventricular septum. When the perfusate was switched from 142 mMNa to 200 mMNa, dP/ dt fell 20.4% over 2 minutes; dP/dt then recovered to the control level. The time course of the functional recovery correlated with the uptake o...

Lateral and longitudinal resistance of ballasted track are two main indicators for the stability quantification. Aiming at improving lateral resistance, nailed sleeper is studied with single push tests (SSPTs) discrete element modelling (DEM). The SSPTs were applied to study how much can improve, considering different nail lengths (100, 200, 400 mm), also used calibrate validate DEM models. Wit...

BACKGROUND Vacuum-assisted closure (VAC) is a widely used therapy in patients with poststernotomy mediastinitis. The aim of this study was to evaluate sternal stability during VAC application at seven negative pressures (-50 to -200 mm Hg) in a porcine wound model. METHODS Six pigs underwent median sternotomy and 2 steel wires were fixed at each sternal side and connected to a traction device...

In vitro chemotactic responses of infective third-stage larvae (L3) of Brugia pahangi to NaCl, Na2HPO4, KCl, K2HPO4, MgCl2 and CaCl2 were assessed. Compared to deionized water as a control, 200 mm NaCl and 100 mm Na2HPO4 significantly attracted L3 (P < 0.01 and P < 0.01), whereas L3 were likely to avoid 200 mm KCl and 100 mm K2HPO4 (P < 0.05 and P < 0.05). L3 showed no significant tendency to a...

Neurotransmitters relaying ascending visceral information were examined by comparing the response of neurons in the insular cortex to vagal stimulation (0.8 Hz, 2 mA) before and after neurotransmitter antagonist injections (200 nl) in the ventroposterior parvocellular nucleus of the thalamus (VPpc). Cobalt (10 mM; presynaptic blocker) and kynurenate (100 microM; nonspecific excitatory amino aci...

A procedure was developed for extracting polysomes from tobacco (Nicotiana sp) leaves. Unexpanded leaves ground in a medium consisting of 200 mm tris-HCl, pH 9, 400 mm KCl, 200 mm sucrose, and 35 mm MgCl(2) yielded larger amounts of polysomes with less degradation than polysomes from leaves extracted with buffers of lower ionic strength or pH. Extraction of polysomes from expanded leaves requir...

Abstract Recent advances in photonic integrated circuits have enabled a new generation of programmable Mach–Zehnder meshes (MZMs) realized by using cascaded interferometers capable universal linear-optical transformations on N input/output optical modes. MZMs serve critical functions quantum information processing, quantum-enhanced sensor networks, machine learning and other applications. Howev...

In this work, we demonstrate the epitaxial growth of a gallium-nitride (GaN) buffer structure qualified for 1200 V applications on 200 mm engineered poly-AlN substrates with hard breakdown &amp;gt;1200 V. The manufacturability opens doors to high voltage GaN-based power such as in electric cars. Key achieving is careful engineering complex material stack combination use substrates. CMOS-fab fri...