This collection of 14 articles in Frontiers in Cellular and Infectious Microbiology aims to re-assess Darwinian and neo-darwinian concepts of biological evolution in the light of the discoveries in comparative genomics of microbes in the twenty-first century. At the time of the publication of the Origins of species in 1859 (Darwin, 1859), Darwin’s vision of evolution revolutionized the scientif...

With my published work on 1858 and 1859 over-dated cents, along with Dr. Haxby’s recently published research on 1859 narrow “9” cents, many facts about this interesting bronze coinage have become clearer. In this article I will focus on two areas. First, we can now conclusively determine that the traditionally published mintage figures are greatly in error. Second, we finally have enough inform...

‘‘The whole organism is so tied together that when slight variations in one part occur, and are accumulated through natural selection, other parts become modified. This is a very important subject, most imperfectly understood.’’ (Darwin, 1859, The Origin of Species). ‘‘Hence if man goes on selecting, and thus augmenting, any peculiarity, he will almost certainly modify unintentionally other par...