In this study it was aimed to investigate inducibility of secondary metabolism in Astragalus chrysochlorus by yeast extract which is known to cause the synthesis of defensive phenolic metabolites. Cell suspension cultures of Astragalus chrysochlorus responded to elicitor treatment (10 gl(-1) yeast extract) by increasing phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL E.C. 4.3.1.5) activity the key enzyme of p...

Grape (Vitis vinifera L. var. Albariño) and mulberry (Morus nigra L.) seeds pomace were characterized in terms of tocopherols, organic acids, phenolic compounds bioactive properties. Higher contents tocopherols (28 ± 1 mg/100 g fw) obtained mulberry, whilst grape richer acids (79 4 fw). The analysis hydroethanolic extracts characterised by catechin oligomers (36.0 0.3 mg/g) ellagic acid derivat...

A k-edge-weighting of a graph G is a mapping w : E(G) → {1, 2, . . . , k}. An edgeweighting w induces a vertex coloring fw : V (G) → N defined by fw(v) = ∑ v∈e w(e). An edge-weighting w is vertex-coloring if fw(u) 6= fw(v) for any edge uv. The current paper studies the parameter μ(G), which is the minimum k for which G has a vertexcoloring k-edge-weighting. Exact values of μ(G) are determined f...

Organophosphate compounds can bind to carboxylesterase, which may lower the concentration of organophosphate pesticides at the target site enzyme, cholinesterase. It is unclear from the literature whether it is the carboxylesterase affinity for the organophosphate and/or the number of carboxylesterase molecules that is the dominant factor in determining the protective potential of carboxylester...

A systematic survey of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn concentrations in vegetables from 416 samples (involving 100 varieties) in Beijing was carried out for assessing the potential health risk to local inhabitants. The results indicated that the metal concentrations in vegetables ranged from < 0.001 to 0.479 microg/g fresh weight (fw) (As), < 0.001 to 0.101 microg/g fw (Cd), < 0.001 to 1.04 micr...

Oxidative stress, resulting from excessive levels of ROS in semen, has a negative impact on functional parameters and sperm fertility. In this study we examined the influence of the oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in ovine sperm motility after thawing and catalase (CAT) ability to preserve sperm motility. Semen was incubated at 37°C with 100 μM H2O2, 1 U catalase + 100 μM H...

The effects of eel atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) on drinking were investigated in eels adapted to freshwater (FW) or seawater (SW) or in FW eels whose drinking was stimulated by a 2-ml hemorrhage. An intra-arterial infusion of ANP (0.3-3.0 pmol ⋅ kg-1 ⋅ min-1), which increased plasma ANP level 1.5- to 20-fold, inhibited drinking dose dependently in all groups of eels. The drinking rate recov...

gerbera is one of the ten important cut flowers in terms of production and consumption in the world and iran. in this research effects of foliar application of salicylic acid and thiamine on biochemical characteristics of gerbera flower were investigated. this experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with four replications in the greenhouse commercial of the golazin maghsoud c...

Let α be a formal variable and Fw be a weighted species of structures (class of structures closed under weight-preserving isomorphisms) of the form Fw = E(F c w), where E and F c w respectively denote the species of sets and of connected Fw-structures. Multiplying by α the weight of each F c wstructure yields the species Fw(α) = E(F c αw). We introduce a “universal” virtual weighted species, Λ,...

An element w in the free group on r letters defines a map fw,G: G r → G for each group G. In this note, we show that whenever w 6= 1 and G is a semisimple algebraic group, fw,G is dominant. As an application, we show that for fixed w and Γi a sequence of pairwise non-isomorphic finite simple groups, lim i→∞ log |Γi| log |f w,Γi (Γ r i )| = 1. Let Fr be the free group on r generators x1, . . . ,...