conclusions this study showed that audio-visual training can have a significant effect on the self-efficacy of people with type 1 diabetes. providing audio-visual equipment to referral centers of type 1 diabetics, such as hospitals, health centers, and clinics, as well as informing related officials, can be of benefit to managers. results the mean of the self-efficacy score improved significant...

background: there have been very few studies, with contradictory results, on the zinc status of children and adolescents with type-1 diabetes mellitus. the objective of this cross-sectional study was to determine zinc status based on the serum zinc concentration in type-1 diabetic children and adolescents and compare it with that of healthy controls. methods: thirty children and adolescents wit...

Despite progress in diabetes care and treatment, pregnancies in women with either type 1 or, type 2 DM are still associated with poorer outcomes with respect to healthy non diabetic women. Pregestational DM complicates 0.2 - 0.6% of pregnancies, 35% had type1 and 66% had type 2 DM. In contrast to GDM, pre GDM is more serious because the potential effects of uncontrolled glycemic levels begins a...

background : type 1 diabetes mellitus (t1dm) is an autoimmune disease characterized by selective destruction of pancreatic beta cells.   methods: the study included 80 children, 20 of them have t1dm, 40 children were selected from first degree relatives to the same child and 20 healthy children serve as control. body mass index (bmi) was calculated, random blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglo...

Background: Nephrotic syndrome and type 1 diabetes mellitus are two common chronic conditions in children. Co-existence of these conditions is an extremely rare finding. Case presentation: This report presents a 6-year-old boy who was diagnosed with nephrotic syndrome five years ago and type 1 diabetes mellitus in infancy. Renal biopsy showed membranous glomerulonephritis, which is a rare h...

1. All children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) should have their blood sugar managed with basal-bolus insulin treatment by either multiple daily injections or an insulin pump. 2. All children with T1DM should have access to a pediatric endocrinologist with a diabetes management team with resources to support patients and families. 3. All children with T1DM should be monitored for symptoms...