Let A be a non empty set, let B be a set, let B1 be a set, and let y1 be a function from B1 into A. Let us assume that B1 ⊆ B. The functor cylinder0(A,B,B1, y1) yields a non empty subset of A B and is defined by: (Def. 1) cylinder0(A,B,B1, y1) = {y : B → A: y B1 = y1}. Let A be a non empty set and let B be a set. A non empty subset of AB is said to be a thin cylinder of A and B if: (Def. 2) The...

Introduction B1 inhomogeneity in a human body increases as the strength of static magnetic field increases and the RF wavelength becomes smaller. Recently, various RF control methods have been developed to reduce B1 inhomogeneity. For example, some methods involve devices such as dielectric pads [1,2] or coupling coils [3,4], or techniques such as B1 shimming [5,6]. However, B1 inhomogeneity st...

Introduction: At very high magnetic field, strong B1 heterogeneities occur in human MR images as RF wavelength becomes equal to, or smaller than, the size of the imaged target, interacting with lossy and dielectric properties of biological tissues(1,2). Different RF Shim techniques can be used in order to mitigate B1 inhomogeneities, which have considerable differences in their respective hardw...

(the proof of the fact that Bn is uniquely defined is left to the reader, it could be a further exercise). First observe that any Bn is monic, in fact, if Bn(x) = anx n + an−1xn−1 + . . . then Bn(x+ 1)−Bn(x) = (an(x + 1) + an−1(x+ 1)n−1 + . . .)− (anx + an−1x + . . .) = [an(x n + nxn−1 + . . .) + an−1(x n−1 + (n− 1)xn−2 + . . .) + . . .]− (anx + an−1x + . . .) = annx n−1 + (·)xn−2 + . . . and t...

Propagation of Alfvén waves in the solar plasma has been a topic of scientific interest for a long time. We have derived a dispersion relation ω4 + ω2[(ν2 + η2)k4 − v2 A k2] + iω(ν + η)v2 A k4 + (νηv2 A k6 + ν2η2k8) = 0 for shear Alfvén waves in a viscous and diffusive plasma. The MHD equations for viscous and diffusive plasma are ρ ∂ → v ∂t + ρ( → v .∇) →v= 1 μ (∇× → B)× → B +ρν∇ → v Momentum ...

The development of central nervous system synapses requires precise coordination between presynaptic and postsynaptic components. The EphB family controls postsynaptic development by interacting with glutamate receptors and regulating dendritic filopodia motility, but how EphBs induce the formation of presynaptic specializations is less well understood. Here, we show that knockdown of presynapt...

Transmit SENSE. For this purpose, an ROI was drawn in the occipital lobe (white ROI Fig3) and two B1 Phase Shim solutions were calculated and applied in order to obtain an homogeneous B1 magnitude within this ROI: one based on the estimated B1 maps, another one based on the measured B1 maps. As can be seen in Fig3 (in degrees), both B1 Shim sets produced tremendous improvement in B1 efficiency ...

(-)-Ceralure B1 (ethyl-cis-5-iodo-trans-2-methylcyclohexane-1-carboxylate), a male attractant for the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann), is significantly more attractive than trimedlure (tert-butyl esters of 4(5)-chloro-2-methylcyclohexane-1-carboxylate), the current standard male attractant used in detection programs. This article reports studies that compare the effectiv...