An intermittent discharge waste stabilisation pond system was trialled for treatment of a seasonal wastewater load from a campsite. The system showed rapid acclimatisation to incoming load, with chlorophyll-a exceeding 700 mg l(-1) within 2 weeks and filtered and unfiltered effluent biochemical oxygen demand below 20 and 30 mg l(-1) respectively. Good performance continued for some weeks, after...

This research examined the use of a single facultative pond for treatment of an intermittent discharge from a UK campsite. The system was monitored over an 11-month period to determine the optimum time for discharge in terms of quality standards. The results showed that based on organic strength, discharge was possible in winter between November and March but February was the optimum to meet nu...

The location choices made by visitors have important implications for wilderness management. The cumulative effect of visitors’ choices produces recreational use distributions, and many studies show that these are typically very uneven. A small proportion of access points accounts for most use, and use of trails or water routes is very uneven. Some campsites are heavily used while others are ra...

This study analyzed the arrival time and diffusion pattern of a wildfire at Chiak Mountain, Wonju, Korea. Simcenter STAR-CCM+, which is computational fluid dynamics program, was used to analyze flow fields generated by mountain topography create combustion model. The size area under 16 km², ignition conducted first campsite. Approximately six million mesh were generated. temperature propagation...