We have studied the modifications in the distribution of methionine-enkephalin in the cat spinal cord after intravenous or intrathecal administration of clonidine by using an immunocytochemical technique. In animals not treated with the substance, a very high density of immunoreactive fibers was found in layers I and II; a high density in the dorso-lateral funiculus and in the reticular formati...

Background: Laparoscopic surgeries are commonly done in patients suffering from cholelithiasis. However, laparoscopic surgeries are associated with pneumoperitoneum, increased intra-abdominal pressure and insufflation of carbon dioxide leading to altered haemodynamic stability. We conducted a prospective randomised study to evaluate the effects of Clonidine and fentanyl in premedication for int...

Introduction: Laryngotracheal intubation and co2 pneumoperitoneum in laproscopic surgery is associated with significant stress response. In this prospective, randomized study, we investigated the efficacy of magnesium sulfate and clonidine to prevent adverse hemodynamic stress response. Methodology: 60 patients of either sex (18-60yrs) undergoing elective laproscopy surgery were randomly divide...

Background: Airway instrumentation by direct laryngoscopy and tracheal manipulation are powerful noxious stimuli causing adverse hemodynamic responses. This study evaluates and compares oral clonidine and pregabalin premedication on the hemodynamic responses following laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation and to assess the adverse events associated with these drugs. Materials & Methods: Sixty pa...

Background The application of the skull-pin head-holder, used to stabilize the head during neurosurgical procedures, produces an intense nociceptive stimulus and results in abrupt increases in blood pressure and cerebral blood flow under general anesthesia. Different anesthetic and pharmacologic techniques, including local anesthetics, narcotics, antihypertensives, and deepening of anesthesia w...

PURPOSE To investigate the influence of low dose clonidine premedication on perioperative glucose homeostasis. METHODS Sixteen patients undergoing abdominal hysterectomy for benign uterine myoma were randomly assigned to receive either iv clonidine (1 microg x kg(-1)) 30 min before induction of general anesthesia (clonidine, n=8) or saline (control, n=8). Plasma concentrations of glucose, ins...

Clonidine is widely use as premedication in pediatric patients and has many beneficial effects in the perioperative period. The introduction of population pharmacokinetics in the 1980s has proven useful when performing pharmacokinetic studies in children to circumvent previous limitations with traditional pharmacokinetics. The aim of the current thesis was to further study the pharmacokinetics ...

AIMS The clinical effectiveness of buprenorphine-naloxone (bup-nx) and clonidine for opioid detoxification in in-patient and out-patient community treatment programs was investigated in the first studies of the National Institute of Drug Abuse Clinical Trials Network. DESIGN Diagnostic and Statistical Manual version IV (DSM IV)-diagnosed opioid-dependent individuals seeking short-term treatme...

OBJECTIVES Clonidine, a known antihypertensive, is currently used for many purposes including diabetic gastroparesis, postmenopausal hot flushes, opioid/nicotine/alcohol withdrawal. Its effects on carbohydrate metabolism appear to be variable. Hence, the present study was undertaken to evaluate the influence of clonidine on euglycemic and alloxan -induced diabetic rats and its interaction with ...