This study aims to assess the effectiveness of ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GCIPL) measurements in preperimetric glaucoma (PPG) and primary open angle glaucoma (POAG). GCIPL and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness were measured in PPG, POAG, and control groups. The data obtained from these three groups were compared with analysis of variance and post hoc Tukey test. Average GCIPL...

The continuous cuffless arterial blood pressure (ABP) can be calculated by the pulse transit velocity. Its accuracy is significantly influenced by the selection of the photoplethysmography (PPG) feature points. In this paper, we designed an assessment function to calculate the quality of PPG. The quality index indicates the reliability of PPG and helps to determine proper feature points. Kalman...

BACKGROUND Recent studies have shown the importance of postprandial glucose (PPG) in the development of diabetes complications. This study was conducted in order to survey the perceptions of clinicians and diabetic patients with respect to PPG management and the current status of diabetes education. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study involving face-to-face interviews and an open questio...

OBJECTIVE Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and 5-HT are potent regulators of food intake within the brain. GLP-1 is expressed by preproglucagon (PPG) neurons in the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS). We have previously shown that PPG neurons innervate 5-HT neurons in the ventral brainstem. Here, we investigate whether PPG neurons receive serotonergic input and respond to 5-HT. METHODS We employ...

This paper describes the significance of the Reflection Index (RI) calculated from the Photoplethysmography (PPG) signals of Left Ventricular Hypertrophy (LVH) risk group. A Dolphin One PPG system has been used in this work. During data acquisition, PPG signals have been recorded from the right index finger of two groups of subjects comprising of healthy and LVH risk subjects. The recording of ...

OBJECTIVE Glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1 inhibits food intake, acting both in the periphery and within the central nervous system. It is unclear if gut-derived GLP-1 can enter the brain, or whether GLP-1 from preproglucagon (PPG) cells in the lower brainstem is required to activate central GLP-1 receptors. Brainstem PPG neurons, however, have been poorly characterized, due to the difficulties in...

Abstract: Wearable heart rate sensors such as those found in smartwatches are commonly based upon Photoplethysmography (PPG) which shines a light into the wrist and measures the amount of light reflected back. This method works well for stationary subjects, but in exercise situations, PPG signals are heavily corrupted by motion artifacts. The presence of these artifacts necessitates the creatio...

In the current study, a non-invasive technique for systolic blood pressure (SBP) measurement based on the detection of photoplethysmographic (PPG) pulses during pressure-cuff deflation was compared to sphygmomanometry-the Korotkoff sounds technique. The PPG pulses disappear for cuff-pressures above the SBP value and reappear when the cuff-pressure decreases below the SBP value. One hundred and ...

Parastomal pyoderma gangrenosum (PPG) is an unusual neutrophilic dermatosis characterized by painful, necrotic ulcerations occurring in the area surrounding an abdominal stoma. It typically affects young to middle-aged adults, with a slight female predominance. The underlying etiology for PPG remains enigmatic but aberrant immune response to injury may play a pivotal role. The reported risk fac...

Photoplethysmography is a non-invasive, electro-optical technique for detecting the cardiovascular pulse wave generated by elastic nature of the peripheral vascular arteries by the contraction of heart. Photoplethysmogram (PPG), a pulse wave generated varies in accordance to blood volume changes in the microvascular bed of a tissue. This review paper emphasizes on the earlier works on the desig...