نتایج جستجو برای: هزینه gdp
تعداد نتایج: 48403 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
We replicate Reinhart and Rogoff (2010a and 2010b) and find that coding errors, selective exclusion of available data, and unconventional weighting of summary statistics lead to serious errors that inaccurately represent the relationship between public debt and GDP growth among 20 advanced economies in the postwar period. Our finding is that when properly calculated, the average real GDP growth...
ورزش و تفریحات سالم بعنوان صعنت پردر آمد به طور مستقیم و غیر مستقیم در توسعه اقتصادی کشور های پیشرفته دخالت دارد به دلیل روشن نبودن وضعیت این صنعت در ایران محقق بر آن شد با استفاده از روش مصرف سهم ورزش از gdp را مشخص سازد از این رو هزینه های خانوار ودولت تشکیل سرمایه های بخش خصوصی و دولتی صادرات و واردات بخش ورزش بررسی شد نتایج حاصله بیانگر سهم 38/0 و 39/0 در صدی این صنعت از gdp در سال های 1377...
BACKGROUND Multiple materials and techniques have been reported for complete denture impressions in literature. The aim of the study was to assess the trends in complete denture impression materials and techniques among general dental practitioners (GDP) and specialists (SP) in Pakistan. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, self-designed-structured questionnaires were distributed among 500 ...
OBJECTIVE To analyse associations between the clinical status of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and the gross domestic product (GDP) of their resident country. METHODS The Quantitative Standard Monitoring of Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis (QUEST-RA) cohort includes clinical and questionnaire data from 6004 patients who were seen in usual care at 70 rheumatology clinics in 25 coun...
Changes in the levels of fucosylation regulate the biological phenotype of cancer cells and a specific fucosylation, such as fucosylated alpha-fetoprotein (AFP-L3) has been clinically used as a tumor marker for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, detailed molecular mechanisms that explain the increased fucosylation in HCC remain unknown despite 10 years of study by these researchers. Fucos...
Socioeconomic status is known to affect dietary profile, and differences in food habits and choice may affect polyamine intake due to significant variations in the concentrations of the polyamines spermine, spermidine, and putrescine present in different foods. The relationship between gross domestic product (GDP) and dietary profile, with a focus on polyamine intake, was investigated for 49 di...
We analyse the Granger causal relationships between foreign direct investment (FDI) and GDP in a sample of 31 developing countries covering 31 years. Using estimators for heterogeneous panel data we find bi-directional causality between the FDI-to-GDP ratio and the level of GDP. FDI has a lasting impact on GDP, while GDP has no longrun impact on the FDI-to-GDP ratio. In that sense FDI causes gr...
بر اساس تجربه تاریخی کشورهای صنعتی و روند چند دهه اخیر کشورهای تازه صنعتی شده و نیز دیدگاه بعضی اقتصاددانان مانند کوزنتس، کلدور و چنری، تغییرات ساختاری در راستای صنعتی شدن کشورها در کنار عوامل سنتی رشد یعنی نیروی کار و سرمایه، از عوامل بالقوه رشد محسوب می شوند. بر این اساس در پژوهش حاضر و در قالب الگوی نو کلاسیکی که در آن نیروی کار و سرمایه به عنوان عوامل اصلی رشد معرفی شده اند، اثرات تغییرات س...
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