The dosimetric impact of orthopedic metal artifact reduction (O-MAR) on spine SBRT patients has not been comprehensively studied, particularly with spinal prostheses in high-dose gradient regions. Using both phantom and patient datasets, we investigated dosimetric effects of O-MAR in combination of various metal locations and dose calculation algorithms. A physical phantom, with and without a t...

: one of the main classifications in human societies is based on sex. although this kind of classification is originated from the physiology of human being but it can result in some stereotypes about men and women. stereotypes are traits which can be attributed to all members of a group without considering the differences between them. in other words stereotypes are part of the thoughts and bel...

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of the characteristic elements of matrix attachment region (MAR) on transgene expression. Human β‑globin MAR was obtained by PCR amplification. A splicing MAR fragment containing all the characteristic elements of β‑globin MAR was artificially synthesized and then cloned into the eukaryotic expression vector. Following digestion and seq...

The importance of the mean annual runoff (MAR)-hydrological variable is paramount for catchment planning, development and management. MAR depicts the amount of uncertainty or chaos (implicitly information content) of the catchment. The uncertainty associated with MAR of quaternary catchments (QCs) in the Upper Vaal catchment of South Africa has been quantified through Shannon entropy. As a resu...

NATALIA DÍAZ-GUTIÉRREZ, FERNANDO VARGAS-SALINAS, MAURICIO RIVERA-CORREA, JULIÁN ANDRÉS ROJAS-MORALES, SERGIO ESCOBAR-LASSO, JULIÁN A. VELASCO, PAUL DAVID ALFONSO GUTIÉRREZ-CÁRDENAS & ADOLFO AMÉZQUITA Instituto Internacional de Conservación y Manejo de Vida Silvestre, Universidad Nacional, Heredia, Costa Rica. E-mail: [email protected] Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Universida...

Matrix attachment regions (MARs) are DNA sequences that bind an internal nuclear network of nonhistone proteins called the nuclear matrix. Thus, they may define discrete gene-containing chromatin loops in vivo. We have studied the effects of flanking transgenes with MARs on transgene expression levels in maize callus and in transformed maize plants. Three MAR elements, two from maize (Adh1 5' M...

Multivariate autoregressive (MAR) models have been useful in elucidating food web dynamics and stability from freshwater plankton monitoring data, but their applicability to marine datasets has not been as well explored. Characteristics of marine systems, such as the movement of water masses by tides and currents, may present unique challenges to MAR modeling of data gathered in marine environm...

آگاهی از میزان تاج‌پوشش درختان در مناطق شهری به‌علت تأثیرات آن کاهش آلودگی‌‌های هوا، آلودگی صوتی، جلوگیری باد، ذخیرة نزولات آسمانی، و کنترل رواناب‌های بسیار ضروری است. ازآن‌جا‌که استخراج با روش‌های دستی وقت‌گیر پرهزینه است، تکنیک‌های سنجش دور می‌توانند ابزار مناسبی برای تأمین این داده‌ها باشند. طبقه‌بندی شیء‌پایه، انتخاب پارامترهای بهینة قطعه‌بندی، به‌ویژه پارامتر مقیاس، اهمیت بسیاری دارد معمول...

Screening a mouse genomic DNA library with human androgen-receptor (hAR) cDNA probes resulted in the isolation and characterization of eight genomic fragments that contain the eight exons of the mouse androgen-receptor (mAR) gene. On the basis of similarity to the hAR gene, the nucleotide sequences of the protein-coding parts of the exons as well as the sequences of the intron/exon boundaries w...

At least some mutant p53 proteins not s imply have los t the wild-type p53 specific tumor suppressor function, but exhibit oncogenic functions on their own. Recently we showed that binding of mutant p53 to MAR/SAR elements is an act ivity specif ic for mutant p53 and clearly distinguishable from the previously reported DNA-binding activities of p53. Since MAR/SAR elements are considered to be i...