Recent statistical and computational analyses have shown that a genealogical most recent common ancestor (MRCA) may have lived in the recent past [Chang, J.T., 1999. Recent common ancestors of all present-day individuals. Adv. Appl. Probab. 31, 1002-1026. 1027-1038; Rohde, D.L.T., Olson, S., Chang, J.T., 2004. Modelling the recent common ancestry of all living humans. Nature 431, 562-566]. Howe...

Chemical differences between mid-ocean ridge basalts (MORBs) and ocean island basalts (OIBs) provide critical evidence that the Earth's mantle is compositionally heterogeneous. MORBs generally exhibit a relatively low and narrow range of (3)He/(4)He ratios on a global scale, whereas OIBs display larger variability in both time and space. The primordial origin of (3)He in OIBs has motivated hypo...

We demonstrate broadband frequency comb generation in the mid-infrared (MIR) from 2.3 to 3.5 μm in a Si(3)N(4) microresonator. We engineer the dispersion of the structure in the MIR using a Sellmeier equation we derive from experimental measurements performed on Si(3)N(4) films from the UV to the IR. We use deposition-anneal cycling to decrease absorption losses due to vibrational transitions i...

The number of segregating sites in a sample of DNA sequences and the age of the most recent common ancestor (MRCA) of the sequences in the sample are positively correlated. The value of the former can be used to estimate the value of the latter. Using the coalescent approach, we derive in this paper the joint probability distribution of the number of segregating sites and the age of the MRCA of...

Objective - The aim of this study was to measure the ratio of bone cortex (C) to bone diameter (D), (C/D) in radius/tibia, metacarpus /metatarsus and proximal phalanges in fore and hindlimbs to be used as a diagnostic guide in metabolic and nutritional diseases in Minature Donkey. Design- Experimental study Animals- Eight adult Minature donkeys. Procedures- Lateromedial, dorsopalmar and dors...

ادغام داده‌ها بین حسگرهای مختلف می‌تواند موجب استخراج اطلاعات با دقت و کیفیت بالاتر گردد بهبود تشخیص تهدیدهای هسته‌ای را به همراه داشته باشد. در این تحقیق، ردیابی چشمه متحرک استفاده از تلفیق داده­های سیستم آشکارساز پرتوی دوربین نظارتی مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت است. بدین منظور الگوریتمی جهت ایجاد همبستگی تصاویر دریافتی توسط شمارش طراحی شده است تا مسیر حرکت جسمی که بیش­ترین ثبت آشکارسازی دارد عنوان ا...

در پژوهش حاضر، فراوانی و شاخص‌های تنوع گونه‌ای مگس‌های خانواده Tachinidae هفت منطقه از استان مازندران سال 1390، بر اساس نمونه‌برداری‌های مستمر منظم با استفاده تله مالیز ارزیابی شد. مجموع تعداد 280 نمونه 48 گونه، 38 جنس‌ چهار زیرخانواده این استان‌ جمع‌آوری شناسایی شدند. گونه‌های زیرخانوادهTachininae بیشترین را مناطق مورد مطالعه داشته پس آن Phasiinae قرار دارد. زیرخانواده‌های Exoristinae 16 گونه ...

background: to evaluate the intermediate-term outcomes of radius shortening as a treatment for kienbock’s disease. materials and methods: in a historical cohort, 16 skeletally mature patients (9 men and 7 women) with kienbock disease, who were treated with radial shortening osteotomy between 2002 and 2012, were reviewed in our study. the mean age of our patients was 30 (range 18-43) years old. ...