Cyclic nucleotide-gated (CNG) channels are nonselective cation channels first identified in retinal photoreceptors and olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs). They are opened by the direct binding of cyclic nucleotides, cAMP and cGMP. Although their activity shows very little voltage dependence, CNG channels belong to the superfamily of voltage-gated ion channels. Like their cousins the voltage-gated...

Motor vehicles are one of the major sources of air pollution in Dhaka, the capital of Bangladesh. The government took various policies to convert the petroleum vehicles on road to run on compressed natural gas (CNG), which allows both air quality improvements and energy security benefits. One of the market friendly policies to encourage the fuel switch was to increase the price differential bet...

BACKGROUND Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is the most aggressive form of breast cancer, and its molecular pathogenesis still remains to be elucidated. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and implication of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) copy number change in IBC patients. METHODS We retrospectively collected formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tumor tissues and medical records of IB...

Photoreceptor cyclic nucleotide-gated (CNG) channels are the principal ion channels responsible for transduction of the light-induced change in cGMP concentration into an electrical signal. The ligand sensitivity of photoreceptor CNG channels is subject to regulation by intracellular signaling effectors, including calcium-calmodulin, tyrosine kinases and phosphoinositides. Little is known, howe...

Odorants activate sensory transduction in olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) via a cAMP-signaling cascade, which results in the opening of nonselective, cyclic nucleotide-gated (CNG) channels. The consequent Ca2+ influx through CNG channels activates Cl channels, which serve to amplify the transduction signal. We investigate here some general properties of this Ca-activated Cl channel in rat, as...

The first step in vision is the absorption of photons by the photopigments in cone and rod photoreceptors. After initial amplification within the phototransduction cascade the signal is translated into an electrical signal by the action of cyclic nucleotide-gated (CNG) channels. CNG channels are ligand-gated ion channels that are activated by the binding of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)...

Cyclic nucleotide-gated (cng) channels are important components of signaling systems mediating sensory transduction. In vertebrate photoreceptors, light activates a signaling cascade that causes a decrease in intracellular cGMP concentrations, closing retinal cng channels. Signal transduction in olfactory receptor neurons is believed to proceed via G-protein-mediated elevation of intracellular ...

Road transportation has most adversely affected the air quality in Delhi. The existing fleet of 3.5 million motor vehicles in Delhi contributes nearly 70% of the total air pollution load. To improve the air quality status in Delhi various measures viz. improvement in fuel quality and engine technology, use of exhaust treatment devices, use of cleaner alternative fuels (CNG) etc. have been adopt...

Conagenin (CNG), a low molecular immunomodulator, enhanced incorporation of [3H]thymidine into T cells activated by concanavalin A but did not to non-activated T cells. The culture supernatants of activated T cells treated with CNG enhanced incorporation of [3H]thymidine into cytokine dependent cell lines, CTLL-2 and IC-2 cells. This indicates that CNG exclusively acts on activated T cells and ...