The Burton–Cabrera–Frank (BCF) theory of step flow has been recognized as a valuable tool for describing nanoscale evolution of crystal surfaces. We formally derive a single-step BCF-type model from an atomistic, kinetic Monte Carlo (KMC) model of a crystal surface in 1+1 dimensions without external material deposition. Through an averaging procedure, consistent with Boltzmann statistics, we in...

Shape representation is a fundamental problem in computer vision. Current approaches to shape representation mainly focus on designing low-level shape descriptors which are robust to rotation, scaling and deformation of shapes. In this paper, we focus on mid-level modeling of shape representation. We develop a new shape representation called Bag of Contour Fragments (BCF) inspired by classical ...

Automatic voice/music segment detection is expected for various applications. For the general applications of voice recognition and dictation, input voice for the recognition is needed to detect and remove music section automatically. In order to detect voice and music segments, where sound data contains both voice and music, this paper proposes weighted Block Cepstrum Flux (BCF) and optimizes ...

The Burton-Cabrera-Frank (BCF) theory of crystal growth has been successful in describing a wide range of phenomena in surface physics. Typical crystal surfaces are slightly mis-oriented with respect to a facet plane; thus, the BCF theory views such systems as composed of staircaselike structures of steps separating terraces. A continuous density of adsorbed atoms (adatoms) diffuses on the terr...

BACKGROUND To determine the influence of lifting speed and type on peak and cumulative back compressive force (BCF) and shoulder moment (SM) loads during symmetric lifting. Another aim of the study was to compare static and dynamic lifting models. METHODS Ten male participants performed a floor-to-shoulder, floor-to-waist, and waist-to-shoulder lift at three different speeds [slow (0.34 m/s),...

New laws resulting from enactment of the United Nations Stockholm Convention in May 2004 together with the new REACH legislation, have led to significant new activity in the assessment of Persistent, Bioaccumulative, Toxic substances (PBT). Bioconcentration is the process of accumulation of chemicals by organisms through non-dietary routes. The tendency of a substance to bioconcentrate in aquat...

The Burton-Cabrera-Frank (BCF) model of step flow has been recognized as a valuable tool for describing nanoscale surface evolution of crystals. In this work, we formally derive the BCF theory from an atomistic, kinetic Monte Carlo model of a crystal surface in 1+1 dimensions with a single step, in the absence of external material deposition. In order to reconcile the discrete nature of the kMC...

The enactment of new chemical regulations has generated a large need for the measurement of the fish bioconcentration factor (BCF). Past experience shows that the BCF determination lacks precision, requires large numbers of fish, and is costly. A new protocol was tested that shortens the experiment from up to 12 weeks for existing protocols to 2 weeks and reduces the number of fish by a factor ...

PURPOSE To investigate the association between external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) dose and biochemical failure (BcF) of prostate cancer in patients who received salvage prostate bed EBRT for a rising prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level after radical prostatectomy. METHODS AND MATERIALS We evaluated patients with a rising PSA level after prostatectomy who received salvage EBRT between July 19...