The purpose of the present study was to compare the critical speed (CS) with the speed at the maximal lactate steady state (vMLSS) determined by a continuous and an intermittent model in trained runners. Eight male endurance runners (30.3 ± 10.6 years; 65.0 ± 8.5 kg; 1.73 ± 0.6 m; 11.3 ± 4.0% body fat) volunteered for this investigation and performed an incremental treadmill test, as well as 2-...

The purpose of this study was to conduct a kinematical analysis during swimming at the intensity corresponding to maximal lactate steady state (MLSS). Thirteen long distance swimmers performed, in different days, an intermittent incremental protocol of n x 200 m until exhaustion and two to four 30-min submaximal constant speed bouts to determine the MLSS. The video analysis, using APAS System (...

The multisession maximal lactate steady-state (MLSS) test is the gold standard for anaerobic threshold (AnT) estimation. However, it is highly impractical, requires high fitness level, and suffers additional shortcomings. Existing single-session AnT-estimating tests are of compromised validity, reliability, and resolution. The presented reverse lactate threshold test (RLT) is a single-session, ...

We describe a Markov latent state space (MLSS) model, where the latent state distribution is a decaying mixture over multiple past states. We present a simple sampling algorithm that allows to approximate such high-order MLSS with fixed time and memory costs.

A laboratory-scale anaerobic/anoxic/oxic system operated at the hydraulic retention times (HRT) of 20, 40, and 60 h with mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS) concentrations of 3 g/L and 6 g/L was considered for treating chemical industrial wastewater rich in complex organic compounds and total dissolved solids. Extending the HRT and increasing the MLSS concentration resulted in higher removal e...

Increased participation of aged individuals in athletics warrants basic research focused on delineating age-related changes in performance variables. On the basis of potential age-related declines in aerobic enzyme activities and a shift in the expression of myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoforms, we hypothesized that maximal lactate steady-state (MLSS) exercise intensity would be altered as a funct...

Our work is motivated by the need for tractable stochastic models for complex network and system dynamics. With this motivation in mind, we develop a class of discrete-time Markov models, called moment-linear stochastic systems (MLSS), which are structured so that moments and cross-moments of the state variables can be computed efficiently, using linear recursions. We show that MLSS provide a c...

MLSS is a decidable sublanguage of set theory involving the predicates membership, set equality, set inclusion, and the operators union, intersection, set difference, and singleton. In this paper we extend MLSS with constructs for expressing monotonicity, additivity, and multiplicativity properties of set-to-set functions. We prove that the resulting language is decidable by reducing the proble...

This paper deals with the modeling and analysis of narrowband mobile-to-mobile (M2M) fading channels for amplify-and-forward relay links under line-of-sight (LOS) conditions. It is assumed that a LOS component exists in the direct link between the source mobile station (SMS) and the destination mobile station (DMS), as well as in the links via the mobile relay (MR). The proposed channel model i...