Article history: Received 17 March 2011 Available online xxxx JEL classification: C72 C73

Article history: Received 3 July 2014 Available online 3 September 2015 JEL classification: C72 D03 H41

Article history: Received 9 April 2008 Available online 27 January 2009 JEL classification: C72

Article history: Received 14 April 2009 Available online xxxx JEL classification: C72 C73

Article history: Received 26 May 2009 Available online 29 July 2010 JEL classification: C72

We introduce noisy belief equilibrium (NBE) for normal-form games in which players best respond to realizations. Axioms restrict distributions be unbiased with respect and responsive changes the opponents’ behavior. The axioms impose testable restrictions both within across games, we compare these those of regular quantal response (QRE) are placed on function as primitive. NBE can generate simi...

Article history: Received 26 February 2008 Available online 1 December 2009 JEL classification: C62 C72 D44 D61 D82

Article history: Received 17 December 2016 Available online 10 July 2017 JEL classification: C72 C79 D82 D83

Article history: Received 11 June 2009 Available online 26 August 2010 JEL classification: C72 C78 D74 D82

Article history: Received 24 November 2015 Available online 27 December 2016 JEL classification: C72 C78 C92 D03 D86