Neuronal activity regulates multiple aspects of the morphological and functional development of neural circuits. One mechanism by which it achieves this is through regulation of gene expression. In a screen for activity-induced genes, we identified somatostatin (SST), a neuropeptide secreted by the SST subtype of interneurons. Using real time quantitative PCR and ELISA, we showed that persisten...

Soshiho-tang (SST; sho-saiko-to in Japanese; xiaochaihu-tang in Chinese) has generally been used to improve liver fibrosis- and cirrhosis-related symptoms in traditional Korean medicine. Although many studies have investigated the pharmacological properties of SST, its antiobesity effect has not been elucidated. Thus, our present study was carried out to evaluate the antiobesity effect of SST u...

Somatostatin mediates its diverse physiological effects through a family of five G-protein-coupled receptors (sst(1)-sst(5)); however, knowledge about the distribution of individual somatostatin receptor proteins in mammalian brain is incomplete. In the present study, we have examined the regional and subcellular distribution of the somatostatin receptor sst(4) in the rat CNS by raising anti-pe...

OBJECTIVE To test the hypothesis that a reduction of somatostatin (SST) in the retina exists in patients without clinically detectable diabetic retinopathy and that it is associated with retinal neurodegeneration. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Human diabetic postmortem eyes (n = 10) without clinically detectable retinopathy were compared with eyes (n = 10) from nondiabetic donors. SST mRNA (RT-...

In somatostatinoma, a rare malignant somatostatin (SST)-secreting neoplasia, tumour regression is rarely observed, implying the need for novel antiproliferative strategies. Here, we characterized a long-term culture (SST-secreting cancer (SS-C cells)) established from a human somatostatinoma. High concentrations of SST and chromogranin A were released by SS-C cells and SST release was stimulate...

The Tropical Rainfall Mapping Mission Microwave Imager (TMI) instrument Sea Surface Temperature (SST) product (v1.0) is compared with in situ observations obtained in the Atlantic Ocean. The TMI SST has a mean warm bias of 0.25K¡0.7K when compared to in situ SST at a depth of 7m. When TMI SST are compared to in situ skin SST measurements, the bias is 0.6K¡0.5K. A limited global comparison betwe...

The spatial distribution of sperm within the sperm storage tubules (SST) found in the uterovaginal junction (UVJ) of the turkey is not known. In this study, we inseminated sperm stained with a fluorescent dye (Hoechst 33342) to determine their distribution in SST in the ventral, dorsal, and lateral regions of the proximal, middle, and distal regions of the UVJ. There was no preferential filling...

The pattern of expression of somatostatin receptor (SSTR) genes and gene products in AtT-20 cells was characterized in an attempt to explain the SST-28 binding selectivity that typifies these cells. AtT-20 cells expressed multiple SSTR mRNAs. Paradoxically, this included mRNA for three of the four SST-14 selective receptors: SSTR2 ( +), SSTR1 (+), SSTR4 (+). The SST-28 selective SSTR5 was expre...

Somatostatin (SST) and cortistatin (CORT) regulate numerous endocrine secretions and their absence [knockout (KO)-models] causes important endocrine-metabolic alterations, including pituitary dysregulations. We have demonstrated that the metabolic phenotype of single or combined SST/CORT KO-models is not drastically altered under normal conditions. However, the biological actions of SST/CORT ar...