The distributed coordination function (DCF) of IEEE 802.11 MAC protocol is not scalable as the number of users on a network increases. We propose two new contention resolution schemes to reduce the number of collisions between a large number of contending mobile stations. The hybrid DCF (H-DCF) scheme splits contention resolution into two phases to improve scalability. Enhanced hybrid DCF (EHDC...

Abstract: The Decode-Compress-Forward (DCF) is a generalization of Decode-Forward (DF) and Compress-Forward (CF). This paper investigates conditions under which DCF offers gains over DF and CF, addresses the problem of coded modulation for DCF, and evaluates the performance of DCF coded modulation implemented via low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes and polar codes. We begin by revisiting the ...

In this paper, we define a new performance parameter, named PPT, for 802.11 DCF, which binds successful transmission probability and saturation throughput together. An expression of optimal minimum contention windows (CWmin) is obtained analytically for maximizing PPT. For simplicity, we give a name DCF-PPT to the 802.11 DCF that sets its CWmin according this expression. The simulation results ...

H(2)DCF-DA (dihydrodichlorofluorescein diacetate) is widely used to evaluate 'cellular oxidative stress'. After passing through the plasma membrane, this lipophilic and non-fluorescent compound is de-esterified to a hydrophilic alcohol [H(2)DCF (dihydrodichlorofluorescein)] that may be oxidized to fluorescent DCF (2',7'-dichlorofluorescein) by a process usually considered to involve ROS (reacti...

An extensively used non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NAID) diclofenac (DCF) is reported to be present in the environment. Several adverse effects have been reported due to presence of DCF and hence it should be removed from the environment. Among several treatment methods, classic Fenton oxidation is found to be an effective process for the removal of organic contaminants. In the present s...

The IEEE 802.11 MAC uses DCF for media access among the participating network nodes. But DCF alone is neither capable nor suitable for fulfilling the QoS requirements of real-time applications. There are many ways in which QoS is provided by modifying DCF based MAC. This paper proposes the modified MAC protocol which is based on IEEE 802.11 and (m,k)-firm scheme tries to improve DCF functionali...

D uodenocolic fistula (DCF) is a very rare entity characterized by fistulous communication between duodenum and transverse colon; DCF owing to metastatic lymph nodes is even rarer. Intractable explosive diarrhea is the most consistent and troublesome symptom in DCF. Treatment is mostly palliative. We present the case of a patient with malignant DCF owing to lymph node metastasis from carcinoma ...

BACKGROUND Gastric carcinoma (GC) is one of the highest cancer-mortality diseases with a high incidence rate in Asia. For surgically unfit but medically fit patients, palliative chemotherapy is the main treatment. The chemotherapy regimen of docetaxel, cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil (DCF) has been used to treat the advanced stage or metastatic GC. It is necessary to compare effectiveness and toxi...

this study was carried out to investigate the interaction of simultaneous use of fluoxetine (flx), a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, and diclofenac (dcf), a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, on food intake in goldfish, carassius auratus . treatments with different dosage of flx including control, 0, 1, and 10  µg/g body weight (bw) were injected in the fish with mean weight of 30.16 ±...

A series of 56 ssDNA aptamer variants that bind to diclofenac (DCF) were selected from an initial pool of 2.4x10(14) ssDNA molecules by Flu-Mag SELEX process. Sequence analysis of these aptamer variants showed three major groups based on sequence similarity in their random N40 sequences. Out of these, four aptamers designated as D10/DA24, D22, D16, and D3 showed high affinity to DCF with K(d) v...