A DNA microarray was used to identify genes transcribed in Neisseria gonorrhoeae using Ecf, an alternative sigma factor. No differences between the transcriptional profiles of strain FA1090 and a mutant where ecf had been inactivated could be detected when both were grown in vitro. We therefore constructed a gonococcal strain in which Ecf can be overexpressed. Some differentially expressed gene...

OBJECTIVES To assess outcomes after repair of enterocutaneous fistulae (ECF) and identify factors that predict mortality and recurrence. DESIGN Retrospective study. SETTING University hospital. PATIENTS One hundred thirty-five patients undergoing ECF repair between 1989 and 2005. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Mortality and recurrence of ECF. RESULTS Definitive operation for ECF was attempted ...

A comprehensive in vivo evaluation of brain penetrability and central nervous system (CNS) pharmacokinetics of atomoxetine in rats was conducted using brain microdialysis. We sought to determine the nature and extent of transport at the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier (BCB) and to characterize brain extracellular and cellular disposition. The steady-state extrace...

Intra-abdominal bleeding is a major and lethal complication in patients with enterocutaneous fistula (ECF) while few studies are involved in this aspect. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the risk factors and assessed the outcome for intra-abdominal bleeding in patients with ECF.A retrospective study was performed from October 2013 to October 2015. Medical records of 67 ECF patients...

This paper proposes and presents a novel ECF (electro-conjugate fluid) micropump with TPSEs (triangular prism and slit electrode pair) fabricated by electroforming process using newly developed self-aligned micro molds. ECF is a kind of functional and dielectric fluid. ECF micropump is based on the principle of ECF jet, which is a powerful and active jet flow generated between electrodes immerg...

FlLMSHARE operates through two Smoke Signal 6800 microcomputers at SMP headquarters in Silver Spring, Maryland. The system makes it possible for ECF depositories in each of the seven ECF administrative regions to draw on one another's film collections for bookings they would otherwise be unable to make. Depositories may access the system with either a TTY or a computer terminal. In addition to ...

Energy-coupling factor (ECF) transporters form a new family of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters and are widely used by prokaryotes to take up micronutrients from the environment. Instead of using the periplasmic solute-binding proteins (SBPs), ECF transporters use the membrane S proteins for substrate capture and translocation. In this review, we will focus on structural advances that ha...

The capacity of actively or passively sensitized guinea pig lung to react with antigen to release a factor specifically chemotactic for eosinophil leukocytes (ECF-A) has been demonstrated. The release of ECF-A was also accompanied by the elaboration of both histamine and SRS-A and the appearance of all these mediators exhibited a similar response in terms of the time course of passve sensitizat...

The present study was designed to assess the antiarthritic potential of ECF in collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) and explore its underlying mechanism. Methods. In vitro, lymphocyte proliferation assay was measured by CCK-8 kit. In vivo, the therapeutic potential of ECF on CIA was investigated; surface marker, Treg cell, and intracellular cytokines (IL-17A and IFN-γ) were detected by flow cytomet...

BACKGROUND Enterocutaneous fistulas (ECF) are debilitating and usually result following complex abdominal surgery. While there is an association with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), a large number of fistulas occur after surgery not related to IBD. The consequences of ECF include short bowel syndrome and the need for long term parenteral nutrition.ECF can heal spontaneously and in the case of...