Milner, R. D. G., and Chouksey, S. K. (1972). Archives of Disease in Childhood, 47, 537. Effects of fetal exposure to diazoxide in man. Four infants were born to women treated with oral diazoxide for the last 19 to 69 days of pregnancy. Maternal plasma levels of diazoxide in the 5 days before delivery were related to the intake of the drug and varied between 11 and 43 ,ug/ml. At delivery the um...

OBJECTIVE Congenital hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia is a group of genetic disorders of insulin secretion most commonly associated with inactivating mutations of the β-cell ATP-sensitive K(+) channel (K(ATP) channel) genes ABCC8 (SUR1) and KCNJ11 (Kir6.2). Recessive mutations of these genes cause hyperinsulinism that is unresponsive to treatment with diazoxide, a channel agonist. Dominant K(ATP) ...

Diazoxide is a putative mitochondrial, ATP-sensitive potassium channel opener that has been implicated in neuroprotection in cerebral ischemia. Administered as pretreatment, diazoxide can attenuate ischemia-related neuronal injury, but little is known about the potential neuroprotective properties of the drug when it is given after the onset of an ischemic insult. In a previous study, we applie...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Diazoxide, a well-known opener of the mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium (mitoK(ATP)) channel, has been demonstrated to exert cardioprotective effect against ischemic injury through the mitoK(ATP) channel and protein kinase C (PKC). We aimed to clarify the role of PKC isoforms and the relationship between the PKC isoforms and the mitoK(ATP) channel in diazoxide-induced...

The critical time for opening mitochondrial (mito) K(ATP) channels, putative end effectors of ischemic preconditioning (PC), was examined. In isolated rabbit hearts 29+/-3% of risk zone infarcted after 30 minutes of regional ischemia. Ischemic PC or 5-minute exposure to 10 micromol/L diazoxide, a mito K(ATP) channel opener, reduced infarction to 3+/-1% and 8+/-1%, respectively. The mito K(ATP) ...

PURPOSE To evaluate the expression of ATP-sensitive potassium (K(ATP)) channel subunits and study the effect of K(ATP) channel openers diazoxide and nicorandil on intraocular pressure (IOP) in an in vivo mouse model. METHODS Expression of K(ATP) channel subunits in normal C57BL/6 mouse eyes was studied by immunohistochemistry and confocal microscopy. Wild-type C57BL/6 mice were treated with K...

The effects of diazoxide on cerebral blood flow were evaluated in unanesthetized goats under control conditions and after selective blockade of adrenergic or cholinergic receptors in cerebral vessels. Injections of diazoxide (1-27 mg) into the internal maxillary artery produced dose-dependent increases in cerebral blood flow, an increase of 90% occurring with the highest dose. Administration of...

To assess the mechanism, temporal patterns, and magnitudes of the metabolic responses to the ATP-dependent potassium channel agonist diazoxide, neuroendocrine and metabolic responses to intravenous diazoxide (saline, 1.0 and 2.0 mg/kg) and oral diazoxide (placebo, 4.0 and 6.0 mg/kg) were assessed in healthy young adults. Intravenous diazoxide produced rapid, but transient, decrements (P = 0.002...

Diazoxide is a non-diuretic benzothiadiazine derivative, one of a group of substances introduced into clinical practice in the 1950s for the treatment of hypertension. Fajans reported the use of diazoxide for the treatment of insulinoma in 1979. Although patients with hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia worldwide have been treated with diazoxide for more than 30 years, there are no recent reports abo...