در این مطالعه تأثیر 15 جیره غذایی شامل پودر غذای جوجه یک روزه (A)، مخلوط یک‌روزه (90 درصد) + بذر شاهدانه (10 (B)، کتان (C)، ضایعات مرغ (D)، (E)، گوشت (F)، ماهی (G)، سیب (H)، موز (I)، نان (J)، بیسکوئیت (K)، ماکارونی (L)، برگ گوجه‌فرنگی (M)، (N) و (O) بر شاخص‌های زیستی مگس سرباز سیاه دمای 2 ± 28 درجه سلسیوس، رطوبت نسبی 10 60 درصد دوره نوری 16 ساعت روشنایی 8 تاریکی بررسی شد. مدت‌زمان نشوونمای لارو...

background: secondhand smoke (shs) exposure has been reported to cause a number of adverse health effects. although studies have been conducted to identify the link between shs exposure and cognitive functioning of children, its relationship is still unclear. this study aimed to identify the association of prenatal and postnatal shs exposure with cognitive ability among adolescents. methods: a ...

BACKGROUND Second-hand Smoke (SHS) exposure is a significant public health problem that may be responsible for serious health hazards for child. This study aimed to examine the exposure status of SHS and the factors associated with SHS avoidance behavior among the mothers of pre-school children. METHODS A cross-sectional study was used to obtain a sample of the mothers of pre-school children ...

A vast number of studies on the unfavorable effects of secondhand smoke (SHS) exist within the international literature, the majority of which evaluate longitudinal epidemiological data. Although limited, the experimental studies that assess the acute and short-term effects of exposure to SHS are also increasing in number. They include cellular, animal, and human studies that indicate a number ...

background prematurity is an issue related to increasing the neonatal morbidity and mortality and smoking pregnant women cause the risk of low birth weight and prematurity increase, compared to non-smoking ones. results of all 205 women, 43 (20.97%) women exposed to shs during pregnancy and 162 (79.02%) women did not. in shs exposure group, 11 infant (25.6%) and in non- shs exposure group, 17 i...