Spectral Mixture Analysis (SMA) has been used to extract qualitative and quantitative information about common features in an imagery at the subpixel level. At the Walnut Gulch Experimental Watershed (Arizona) this technique was used to produce the soil spectral map and quantify the fractions of each soil endmember on an AVIRIS image. SMA was applied on the base of image and reference endmember...

Although multiple efforts have been made to model global navigation satellite system (GNSS)-reflectometry (GNSS-R) delay-Doppler maps (DDMs) over land, there is still a need for models that better represent the signals land and can enable reliable retrievals of geophysical variables. Our paper presents improvements an existing GNSS-R DDM by accounting short-wave diffraction due small-scale grou...

The transport and toxicity of metals at the California Gulch, Colorado mine-impacted watershed were simulated with a spatially distributed watershed model. Using a database of observations for the period 1984-2004, hydrology, sediment transport, and metals transport were simulated for a June 2003 calibration event and a September 2003 validation event. Simulated flow volumes were within approxi...

The curation of hydrologic data includes quality control, documentation, database development, and provisions for public access. This article describes the development new control procedures experimental watersheds like Walnut Gulch Experimental Watersheds (WGEW). WGEW is a 149 km2 watershed outdoor laboratory equipped with dense network hydro-climatic instruments since 1950s. To improve accura...

Remote-sensing methods based on optical and thermal satellite imagery have been proposed to estimate fine-resolution (30 m) rootzone soil moisture θ ¯ . In these methods, is most commonly estimated using a single empirical relationship with evaporative fraction Λ SEB or index PET Methods recently relationships regional climate, soil, vegetation characteristics, but those not yet applied from re...

The long-term evolution of channel longitudinal profiles within drainage basins is partly determined by the relative balance of hillslope sediment supply to channels and the evacuation of channel sediment. However, the lack of theoretical understanding of the physical processes of hillslope-channel coupling makes it challenging to determine whether hillslope sediment supply or channel sediment ...