trithorax (trx) encodes chromosome-binding proteins required throughout embryogenesis and imaginal development for tissue- and cell-specific levels of transcription of many genes including homeotic genes of the ANT-C and BX-C. trx encodes two protein isoforms that contain conserved motifs including a C-terminal SET domain, central PHD fingers, an N-terminal DNA-binding homology, and two short m...

PURPOSE Thioredoxin (TRX), a low molecular weight protein, exerts reduction-oxidation control over a number of transcription factors involved in cell activation and proliferation. High TRX mRNA levels have been found in lung carcinomas, a trait associated with a growth and survival advantage. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN In this study, we examined the immunohistochemical expression of human TRX in nor...

Thioredoxin (Trx) is a redox-active protein that plays a key role in mitigating the effects of oxidative stress. The secretion of Trx on the plasma membrane has been suggested as a distinctive feature of inflammation. However, selective monitoring of membrane-associated Trx activity has proved challenging because of the ubiquity of Trx action in cells. Here, we report a Trx-specific probe that ...

Oxidative stress contributes to the pathogenesis of various hepatic injuries. Thioredoxin (TRX) is an indicator of oxidative stress, reported to be increased in the serum of patients with chronic hepatitis C with the progression of fibrosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical significance of the expression of TRX and thioredoxin-binding protein-2 (TBP-2), which is a negative reg...

PURPOSE Vasostatin 48 (VS48) is a peptide of 48 amino acids derived from calreticulin. This study aimed to investigate the effects of topical application of VS48 eyedrops on experimental choroidal neovascularization (CNV). METHODS Recombinant VS48 was expressed and purified as a thioredoxin (TRX)-fused protein, TRX-VS48. The anti-angiogenic effects of TRX-VS48 were validated by migration and ...

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive human malignancy in which Smad7 is commonly overexpressed. Analysis by differential display identified thioredoxin-1 (TRX) as a gene whose basal expression is increased in COLO-357 pancreatic cancer cells engineered to overexpress Smad7. To delineate the biological consequences of TRX overexpression, we assessed TRX mRNA levels in PDAC an...

The persistent and viscous nature of airway secretions in cystic fibrosis (CF) disease leads to airway obstruction, opportunistic infection, and deterioration of lung function. Thioredoxin (Trx) is a protein disulfide reductase that catalyzes numerous thiol-dependent cellular reductive processes. To determine whether Trx can alter the rheological properties of mucus, sputum obtained from CF pat...

1129 ABSTRACT Trithorax (TRX) antagonizes epigenetic silencing by Polycomb group (PcG) proteins, stimulates enhancer-dependent transcription, and establishes a ‘cellular memory’ of active transcription of PcGregulated genes. The mechanisms underlying these TRX functions remain largely unknown, but are presumed to involve its histone H3K4 methyltransferase activity. We report that the SET domain...

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is closely related to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, but the specific molecular basis linking DM with increased vulnerability to cardiovascular injury remains incompletely understood. Methylglyoxal (MG), a precursor to advanced glycation end products (AGEs), is increased in diabetic patient plasma, but its role in diabetic cardiovascular complications is unclear....

Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is a mitochondrial enzyme that dismutates potentially toxic superoxide radical into hydrogen peroxide and dioxygen. This enzyme is critical for protection against cellular injury due to elevated partial pressures of oxygen. Thioredoxin (TRX) is a potent protein disulfide reductase found in most organisms that participates in many thiol-dependent cellular r...