Therapeutic use of cyclooxygenase-inhibiting (COX-inhibiting) nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) is often complicated by renal side effects including hypertension and edema. The present studies were undertaken to elucidate the roles of COX1 and COX2 in regulating blood pressure and renal function. COX2 inhibitors or gene knockout dramatically augment the pressor effect of angiotensin ...

BACKGROUND The targeting of the immune system through immunotherapies to prevent tumor tolerance and immune suppression are at the front lines of breast cancer treatment and research. Human and laboratory studies have attributed breast cancer progression and metastasis to secondary organs such as the bone, to a number of factors, including elevated levels of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and the enzy...

Proinflammatory signaling pathways are commonly up-regulated in breast cancer. In estrogen receptor-negative (ER-) and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), nitric oxide synthase-2 (NOS2) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) have been described as independent predictors of disease outcome. We further explore these findings by investigating the impact of their coexpression on breast cancer survival. Elev...

Overexpression of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2) and uncontrolled wingless and Int (Wnt)-signaling pathway have long been suggested to play crucial roles in colorectal cancer. Studies show that selective COX2 inhibitors possess great potential as chemopreventive agents for colon cancer. Recent studies suggest that targeting COX2 and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) may provide better therapeuti...

Introduction: cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is involved in pathogenesis of various tumors and possibly malignant skin tumors including malignant melanoma; however, there is not enough information about COX-2 expression in benign melanocytic lesions. In the present study we compared the expression levels of COX-2 in malignant melanoma and benign melanocytic lesions. Method: In this analytical study, ...

In experimental studies, cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2)-derived vasodilatory prostaglandins play a more prominent role in arterial vasoregulation in females. The gender-dependent effect of COX2 modulation in humans with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) is unknown. Accordingly, we examined the renal hemodynamic role of prostaglandins by assessing the response to COX2 inhibition in young men and women with...

Cytochrome c oxidase of the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation system reduces molecular oxygen with redox equivalent-derived electrons. The conserved mitochondrial-encoded COX1- and COX2-subunits are the heme- and copper-center containing core subunits that catalyze water formation. COX1 and COX2 initially follow independent biogenesis pathways creating assembly modules with subunit-specif...

The three mitochondrial-encoded proteins, COX1, COX2, and COX3, form the core of the cytochrome c oxidase. Upon synthesis, COX2 engages with COX20 in the inner mitochondrial membrane, a scaffold protein that recruits metallochaperones for copper delivery to the CuA-Site of COX2. Here we identified the human protein, TMEM177 as a constituent of the COX20 interaction network. Loss or increase in ...

Rao, Reena, Ming-Zhi Zhang, Min Zhao, Hui Cai, Raymond C. Harris, Matthew D. Breyer, and Chuan-Ming Hao. Lithium treatment inhibits renal GSK-3 activity and promotes cyclooxygenase 2-dependent polyuria. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 288: F642–F649, 2005. First published December 7, 2004; doi:10.1152/ajprenal.00287. 2004.—The use of LiCl in clinical psychiatry is routinely complicated by overt neph...

Accumulating evidence suggests that upregulation of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2) in glomerular podocytes promotes podocyte injury. Because Gq signaling activates calcineurin and calcineurin-dependent mechanisms are known to mediate COX2 expression, this study investigated the role of Gqalpha in promoting COX2 expression in podocytes. A constitutively active Gq alpha subunit tagged with the TAT HIV p...