A homology-based PCR method was used to clone a cDNA encoding lanosterol synthase (LS) from Ganoderma lucidum (G. lucidum), which produces triterpenes. The cDNA of the LS (GenBank accession no. GQ169528) was found to contain an open reading frame (ORF) of 2,181 bp encoding a 726 amino acid polypeptide, whereas the LS genomic DNA sequence (GenBank accession no. GQ169529) consists of 2,924 bp. Fu...

The competitive adsorption of lung surfactant (LS) and albumin at the air-liquid interface and the ability of polyethylene glycol (PEG) to mediate LS adsorption are analyzed using pressure-area isotherms and grazing incidence x-ray diffraction (GIXD). The addition of albumin drastically reduces the amount of LS on the interface and slightly increases the LS lattice spacing. The addition of PEG ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE In a large number of patients with Leigh syndrome (LS) and cytochrome c oxidase (COX) deficiency, mutations of the SURF-1 gene were recently identified. The aim of the present study was to review the MR findings in patients with LS to verify if the genetically homogeneous patients with LS and SURF-1 mutations (LS SURF-1 patients) had a homogeneous MR pattern that could be...

The system [FeL2](BF4)2 (1)-EtOH-H2O (L is 4-(3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-2-(pyridin-2-yl)-6-methylpyrimidine) shows a complicated balance between the relative stabilities of solvatomorphs and polymorphs of the complex [FeL2](BF4)2. New solvatomorphs, 1(LS)·EtOH·H2O and β-1(LS)·xH2O, were isolated in this system. They were converted into four daughter phases, 1(A/LS), 1(D/LS), 1(E/LS)·yEtOH·z...

Recent observations in our laboratories (1, 2) have demonstrated that a single molecular substance carries all of the serological activity of both the Land Ssoluble antigens of vaccinia. Craigie and Wishart, (3) who originally described these two antigens thought that they occurred in the form of a complex in nature, but, from their own observations (3) and from those of Parker (4), they were l...

We previously showed oxidative damage and edema within skeletal muscle after contractile claudication. To investigate the sources of this oxidative damage in the gastrocnemius muscle, we administered allopurinol (Allo, to inhibit xanthine oxidase) and cyclophosphamide (Cyclo, to deplete neutrophils) before inducing contractile claudication in male Sprague Dawley rats. Contractile claudication (...

Strong turbulence causes phase discontinuities known as branch points in an optical field. These discontinuities complicate the phase unwrapping necessary to apply phase corrections onto a deformable mirror in an adaptive optics (AO) system. This paper proposes a non-optimal but effective and implementable phase unwrapping method for optical fields containing branch points. This method first ap...