ISSN 0817-8542 ISBN 0 642 24210 0 In its broadest terms, fraud means obtaining something of value by deception. If fraud were described as an industry, it would clearly be one of the growth areas in the economy. It is also one of the least understood areas of the economy and, because fraud is often viewed as a victimless crime (when perpetrated against large organisations), it does not draw com...

Objective: To examine smoking habits before and during pregnancy, as well as factors associated with smoking cessation, in three European settings. Methods: Women seeking antenatal care in Ashford (UK), Minorca and Barcelona (Spain) were recruited to the Asthma Multicenter Infant Cohort Study (AMICS). Questionnaires inquiring into the smoking habits of each woman and her partner, demographic da...

Evaluation of drug-drug interaction (DDI) involving circulating inhibitory metabolites of perpetrator drugs has recently drawn more attention from regulatory agencies and pharmaceutical companies. Here, using amiodarone (AMIO) as an example, we demonstrate the use of physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling to assess how a potential inhibitory metabolite can contribute to clinicall...

1a,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3] concentrations are regulated by renal CYP27B1 for synthesis and CYP24A1 for degradation. Published plasma and tissue 1,25(OH)2D3 concentrations andmRNA fold change expression of Cyp24a1 andCyp27b1 following repetitive i.p. injections to C57BL/6 mice (2.5 mg 3 kg every 2 days for 4 doses) were fitted with a minimal and full physiologically-based pharmacoki...

mother and her offspring include high rates of school dropout, low-birth-weight infants, poor health and poverty.4 In addition, teenage childbearing results in considerable financial costs to taxpayers and society.5 A significant amount of attention and energy has been devoted to the prevention of teenage pregnancy through, for example, school-based programs to increase condom use, sexuality ed...