Electromagnetic (EM) scattering from subsurface unexploded ordnance (UXO) is investigated both theoretically and experimentally. Three EM models are considered: the multilevel fast multipole algorithm (MLFMA), the method of moments (MoM), and physical optics (PO). The relative accuracy of these models is compared for several scattering scenarios. Moreover, the model results are compared to data...

this paper describes an efficient edge-preserved regularization algorithm for downward continuation of magnetic data in detection of unexploded ordnance (uxo). the magnetic anomalies arising from multi-source uxo can overlap at a height over the ground surface, while causative sources may not be readily separated due to low level of signal-to-noise ratio of the observed data. to effectively the...

Classification based on shape is central to the problem of discriminating between unexploded ordnance (UXO) and clutter. Most UXO fit a specific profile: they are long and slender with typical length-to-diameter aspect ratios of four or five. Most clutter items, on the other hand, do not fit this profile. Using electromagnetic induction (EMI) sensor data, we present a model-based estimation pro...

An ultra-wideband (UWB) synthetic aperture radar (SAR) system is investigated for the detection of former bombing ranges, littered by unexploded ordnance (UXO). The objective is detection of a high enough percentage of surface and shallow-buried UXO, with a low enough false-alarm rate, such that a former range can be detected. The physics of UWB SAR scattering is exploited in the context of a h...

Laboratory tests and field examples of the horizontal field component measurements in shallow transient electromagnetic (TEM) surveys show the utility of these data in target characterization in reconnaissance, random-walk surveys for unexploded ordnance (UXO) and underground utilities. For example, prior work has shown that the Hx component (which we define as the horizontal field component in...

We have applied an automatic interpretation method of potential data called AN-EUL in unexploded ordnance (UXO) prospective which is indeed a combination of the analytic signal and the Euler deconvolution approaches. The method can be applied for both magnetic and gravity data as well for gradient surveys based upon the concept of the structural index (SI) of a potential anomaly which is relate...

The attention given the natural geologic background of a site and its influence on geophysical sensors has grown considerably over the past several years, primarily because of the governmentsupported unexploded ordnance (UXO) technology demonstrations and government mandated UXO cleanup activities. Explosive and ordnance detection (EOD) teams have encountered difficulties at sites thought to be...

An explosive ordnance is a munition that is either launched or fired with the intent of detonation at a specified target. An unexploded ordnance (UXO) is an explosive ordnance that, due to some malfunction, remains undetonated. As a result, the ordnance can be found at the ground surface, partially buried, or buried at a depth of up to 8 m beneath the surface. Practical and cost-effective strat...

Airborne magnetic systems for mapping unexploded ordnance (UXO) and other shallow metals have been developed at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) over the past five years .We have recently completed testing of a time-domain electromagnetic (EM) system to supplement the magnetic system for UXO investigations. The test was conducted at the Badlands Bombing Range (BBR) in South Dakota in Septem...

This paper reports the results of tests where electrical impedance tomography (EIT) was evaluated as a tool for detecting and locating buried unexploded ordnance (UXO). The method relies on the electrolytic polarization induced at the boundary between soil and buried metal. This induced polarization (IP) produces a measurable phase delay between the electric current imposed on the subsurface an...