Objective: The purpose of this study was to systematically review the diagnostic performance of gadoxetic acid-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (Gd-EOB-DTPA-MRI) for differentiation of hepatocellular adenoma (HCA) and focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH), as well as HCA classification by using the low signal intensity (SI) in the hepatobiliary phase (HBP). Methods: A systematic process was used t...

Hypoventilation, associated with hypercapnic acidosis (HCA), may improve outcome in acute lung injury (ALI). We have recently reported that HCA per se protects against ALI. The current study explored whether the mechanisms of protection with HCA were related to acidosis versus hypercapnia. Because CO(2) equilibrates rapidly across cell membranes, we hypothesized that (1) HCA would afford greate...

BACKGROUND It was proved that higher haematocrit (Hct) might improve the function of brain after hypothermia circulation arrest (HCA). In the present study we established a new rat HCA model and investigated whether retrograde cerebral perfusion of oxygenated, compacted red blood cells (RBC) could attenuate brain injury after HCA. METHODS A new rat HCA model was developed and rats were random...

Hepatocellular adenoma (HCA) is a generally benign liver tumor with the potential for malignancy and bleeding. HCAs are categorized into four subtypes on the basis of genetic and pathological features: hepatocyte nuclear factor 1α-mutated HCA, β-catenin-mutated HCA, inflammatory HCA, and unclassified HCA. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) plays an important role in the diagnosis, subtype charact...

L-Homocysteic acid (HCA), an endogenous excitatory amino acid in the mammalian CNS, potently activates N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors in hippocampal neurons. However, the responses to HCA in Purkinje cells, which lack functional NMDA receptors, have been largely unexplored: HCA may activate conventional non-NMDA receptors by its mixed agonistic action on both NMDA and non-NMDA receptors,...

Hepatocellular adenoma (HCA) is a frequent long-term complication of glycogen storage disease type I (GSD I) and malignant transformation to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is known to occur in some cases. However, the molecular pathogenesis of tumor development in GSD I is unclear. This study was conducted to systematically investigate chromosomal and genetic alterations in HCA associated with ...

BACKGROUND Hepatocellular adenoma (HCA) is a rare benign tumor of the liver. A subtype classification of HCA (hepatocyte nuclear factor 1α [HNF1α]-mutated, β-catenin-mutated HCA, inflammatory HCA, and unclassified HCA) has recently been established based on a single institutional review of a HCA series by the Bordeaux group. METHODS We used histologic and immunohistochemical parameters to cla...

We report the X-ray crystal structures and rate constants for proton transfer in site-specific mutants of human carbonic anhydrase III (HCA III) that place a histidine residue in the active-site cavity: K64H, R67H, and K64H-R67N HCA III. Prior evidence from the exchange of 18O between CO2 and water measured by mass spectrometry shows each mutant to have enhanced proton transfer in catalysis com...